我正在尝试执行以下查询:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
VALUES ('Rupert', 'Somewhere', '022')
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name='value'
);

但是这会返回一个错误。基本上我不想插入一个记录,如果记录的“名称”字段已经存在于另一个记录-如何检查新名称是否唯一?


当前回答

为了克服类似的问题,我修改了表,使其具有唯一的列。用你的例子,在创建时,我会有这样的东西:

name VARCHAR(20),
UNIQUE (name)

然后在插入时使用以下查询:

INSERT IGNORE INTO train
set table_listnames='Rupert'

其他回答

为了克服类似的问题,我修改了表,使其具有唯一的列。用你的例子,在创建时,我会有这样的东西:

name VARCHAR(20),
UNIQUE (name)

然后在插入时使用以下查询:

INSERT IGNORE INTO train
set table_listnames='Rupert'

工作:

INSERT INTO users (full_name, login, password) 
  SELECT 'Mahbub Tito','tito',SHA1('12345') FROM DUAL
WHERE NOT EXISTS 
  (SELECT login FROM users WHERE login='tito');

如果真的无法在表上获得唯一索引,您可以尝试…

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
    SELECT 'Rupert', 'Somewhere', '022'
        FROM some_other_table
        WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT name
                              FROM table_listnames
                              WHERE name='Rupert')
        LIMIT 1;
INSERT IGNORE INTO `mytable`
SET `field0` = '2',
`field1` = 12345,
`field2` = 12678;

这里的mysql查询,即插入记录,如果不存在,将忽略现有的类似记录。

----Untested----

我并不是建议你这样做,因为Piskvor和其他人建议的UNIQUE索引是一个更好的方法,但你实际上可以做你正在尝试的事情:

CREATE TABLE `table_listnames` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `address` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `tele` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

插入一个记录:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'Rupert', 'Somewhere', '022') AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name = 'Rupert'
) LIMIT 1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

SELECT * FROM `table_listnames`;

+----+--------+-----------+------+
| id | name   | address   | tele |
+----+--------+-----------+------+
|  1 | Rupert | Somewhere | 022  |
+----+--------+-----------+------+

尝试再次插入相同的记录:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'Rupert', 'Somewhere', '022') AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name = 'Rupert'
) LIMIT 1;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

+----+--------+-----------+------+
| id | name   | address   | tele |
+----+--------+-----------+------+
|  1 | Rupert | Somewhere | 022  |
+----+--------+-----------+------+

插入一条不同的记录:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'John', 'Doe', '022') AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name = 'John'
) LIMIT 1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

SELECT * FROM `table_listnames`;

+----+--------+-----------+------+
| id | name   | address   | tele |
+----+--------+-----------+------+
|  1 | Rupert | Somewhere | 022  |
|  2 | John   | Doe       | 022  |
+----+--------+-----------+------+

等等……


更新:

为了防止#1060 -重复列名错误,如果两个值可能相等,你必须命名内部SELECT的列:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'Unknown' AS name, 'Unknown' AS address, '022' AS tele) AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name = 'Rupert'
) LIMIT 1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

SELECT * FROM `table_listnames`;

+----+---------+-----------+------+
| id | name    | address   | tele |
+----+---------+-----------+------+
|  1 | Rupert  | Somewhere | 022  |
|  2 | John    | Doe       | 022  |
|  3 | Unknown | Unknown   | 022  |
+----+---------+-----------+------+