我正在尝试执行以下查询:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
VALUES ('Rupert', 'Somewhere', '022')
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name='value'
);

但是这会返回一个错误。基本上我不想插入一个记录,如果记录的“名称”字段已经存在于另一个记录-如何检查新名称是否唯一?


当前回答

我有一个类似的问题,我需要插入多个如果不存在。所以从上面的例子中,我得出了这个组合……放在这里,以防有人需要。

注意: 我必须在MSSQL要求的地方定义name…MySQL也使用*。

INSERT INTO names (name)
SELECT name
FROM
(
  SELECT name
  FROM
  (
     SELECT 'Test 4' as name
  ) AS tmp_single
  WHERE NOT EXISTS
  (
     SELECT name FROM names WHERE name = 'Test 4'
  )
  UNION ALL
  SELECT name
  FROM
  (
     SELECT 'Test 5' as name
  ) AS tmp_single
  WHERE NOT EXISTS
  (
     SELECT name FROM names WHERE name = 'Test 5'
  )
) tmp_all;

MySQL: 创建表名( OID int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT name varchar(32) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL 主键oid, 唯一键名称 InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1;

or

该软件: 创建表[names] ( [oid] int identity (1,1) not null, [name] NVARCHAR (32) NOT NULL, 主键集群化([oid] asc) ); 创建唯一的非聚集索引[Index_Names_Name] ON [names]([name] ASC);

其他回答

我并不是建议你这样做,因为Piskvor和其他人建议的UNIQUE索引是一个更好的方法,但你实际上可以做你正在尝试的事情:

CREATE TABLE `table_listnames` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `address` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `tele` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

插入一个记录:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'Rupert', 'Somewhere', '022') AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name = 'Rupert'
) LIMIT 1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

SELECT * FROM `table_listnames`;

+----+--------+-----------+------+
| id | name   | address   | tele |
+----+--------+-----------+------+
|  1 | Rupert | Somewhere | 022  |
+----+--------+-----------+------+

尝试再次插入相同的记录:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'Rupert', 'Somewhere', '022') AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name = 'Rupert'
) LIMIT 1;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

+----+--------+-----------+------+
| id | name   | address   | tele |
+----+--------+-----------+------+
|  1 | Rupert | Somewhere | 022  |
+----+--------+-----------+------+

插入一条不同的记录:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'John', 'Doe', '022') AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name = 'John'
) LIMIT 1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

SELECT * FROM `table_listnames`;

+----+--------+-----------+------+
| id | name   | address   | tele |
+----+--------+-----------+------+
|  1 | Rupert | Somewhere | 022  |
|  2 | John   | Doe       | 022  |
+----+--------+-----------+------+

等等……


更新:

为了防止#1060 -重复列名错误,如果两个值可能相等,你必须命名内部SELECT的列:

INSERT INTO table_listnames (name, address, tele)
SELECT * FROM (SELECT 'Unknown' AS name, 'Unknown' AS address, '022' AS tele) AS tmp
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT name FROM table_listnames WHERE name = 'Rupert'
) LIMIT 1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

SELECT * FROM `table_listnames`;

+----+---------+-----------+------+
| id | name    | address   | tele |
+----+---------+-----------+------+
|  1 | Rupert  | Somewhere | 022  |
|  2 | John    | Doe       | 022  |
|  3 | Unknown | Unknown   | 022  |
+----+---------+-----------+------+

INSERT不允许语法中的WHERE。

你可以做的是:在字段上创建一个UNIQUE INDEX,它应该是唯一的(name),然后使用:

正常插入(如果名称已经存在,则处理错误) INSERT IGNORE(如果name已经存在,将无声失败,导致警告(而不是错误)) 插入……ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE(如果名称已经存在,将在末尾执行UPDATE,请参阅文档)

INSERT IGNORE INTO `mytable`
SET `field0` = '2',
`field1` = 12345,
`field2` = 12678;

这里的mysql查询,即插入记录,如果不存在,将忽略现有的类似记录。

----Untested----

为了克服类似的问题,我修改了表,使其具有唯一的列。用你的例子,在创建时,我会有这样的东西:

name VARCHAR(20),
UNIQUE (name)

然后在插入时使用以下查询:

INSERT IGNORE INTO train
set table_listnames='Rupert'

Brian Hooper: 你差不多说到点子上了,但是你的语法有个错误。你的插入永远不会起作用。我测试了我的数据库,这是正确的答案:

INSERT INTO podatki (datum,ura,meritev1,meritev1_sunki,impulzi1,meritev2,meritev2_sunki,impulzi2)
            SELECT '$datum', '$ura', '$meritve1','$sunki1','$impulzi1','$meritve2','$sunki2','$impulzi2'
                FROM dual
                WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT datum,ura
                                      FROM podatki
                                      WHERE datum='$datum' and ura='$ura'

这是y表的例子。插入几乎和Bian Hooper写的一样,除了我把select FROM DUAL ont从其他表中放出来。 向你致意,伊凡