我想将一个“模板”文件的输出管道到MySQL中,该文件具有像${dbName}这样的变量。替换这些实例并将输出转储到标准输出的命令行实用程序是什么?

输入文件被认为是安全的,但是可能存在错误的替换定义。执行替换应避免执行意外的代码执行。


当前回答

file.tpl:

The following bash function should only replace ${var1} syntax and ignore 
other shell special chars such as `backticks` or $var2 or "double quotes". 
If I have missed anything - let me know.

script.sh:

template(){
    # usage: template file.tpl
    while read -r line ; do
            line=${line//\"/\\\"}
            line=${line//\`/\\\`}
            line=${line//\$/\\\$}
            line=${line//\\\${/\${}
            eval "echo \"$line\""; 
    done < ${1}
}

var1="*replaced*"
var2="*not replaced*"

template file.tpl > result.txt

其他回答

使用/bin/sh.创建一个设置变量的小shell脚本,然后使用shell本身解析模板。如下所示(编辑以正确处理换行):

文件template.txt:

the number is ${i}
the word is ${word}

文件script.sh:

#!/bin/sh

#Set variables
i=1
word="dog"

#Read in template one line at the time, and replace variables (more
#natural (and efficient) way, thanks to Jonathan Leffler).
while read line
do
    eval echo "$line"
done < "./template.txt"

输出:

#sh script.sh
the number is 1
the word is dog

鉴于最近的兴趣,我又在考虑这个问题,我认为我最初想到的工具是m4,用于autotools的宏处理器。所以不是我最初指定的变量,你会使用:

$echo 'I am a DBNAME' | m4 -DDBNAME="database name"

我建议使用像Sigil这样的东西: https://github.com/gliderlabs/sigil

它被编译成一个二进制文件,所以在系统上安装它非常容易。

然后你可以像下面这样简单的一行代码:

cat my-file.conf.template | sigil -p $(env) > my-file.conf

这比eval更安全,比使用regex或sed更容易

file.tpl:

The following bash function should only replace ${var1} syntax and ignore 
other shell special chars such as `backticks` or $var2 or "double quotes". 
If I have missed anything - let me know.

script.sh:

template(){
    # usage: template file.tpl
    while read -r line ; do
            line=${line//\"/\\\"}
            line=${line//\`/\\\`}
            line=${line//\$/\\\$}
            line=${line//\\\${/\${}
            eval "echo \"$line\""; 
    done < ${1}
}

var1="*replaced*"
var2="*not replaced*"

template file.tpl > result.txt

template.txt

Variable 1 value: ${var1}
Variable 2 value: ${var2}

data.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash
declare var1="value 1"
declare var2="value 2"

parser.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# args
declare file_data=$1
declare file_input=$2
declare file_output=$3

source $file_data
eval "echo \"$(< $file_input)\"" > $file_output

./parser.sh data.sh template.txt parsed_file.txt

parsed_file.txt

Variable 1 value: value 1
Variable 2 value: value 2