bash中有没有将字符串转换为小写字符串的方法?

例如,如果我有:

a="Hi all"

我想将其转换为:

"hi all"

当前回答

预冲击4.0

Bash降低字符串的大小写并赋值给变量

VARIABLE=$(echo "$VARIABLE" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]') 

echo "$VARIABLE"

其他回答

在bash 4中,可以使用类型集

例子:

A="HELLO WORLD"
typeset -l A=$A

将转换后的字符串存储到变量中。跟踪对我有用-$SOURCE_NAME至$TARGET_NAME

TARGET_NAME="`echo $SOURCE_NAME | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'`"

对于Bash命令行,根据语言环境和国际字母,这可能会起作用(根据其他人的答案组合而成):

$ echo "ABCÆØÅ" | python -c "print(open(0).read().lower())"
abcæøå
$ echo "ABCÆØÅ" | sed 's/./\L&/g'
abcæøå
$ export a="ABCÆØÅ" | echo "${a,,}"
abcæøå

尽管这些变化可能不起作用:

$ echo "ABCÆØÅ" | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]"
abcÆØÅ
$ echo "ABCÆØÅ" | awk '{print tolower($1)}'
abcÆØÅ
$ echo "ABCÆØÅ" | perl -ne 'print lc'
abcÆØÅ
$ echo 'ABCÆØÅ' | dd conv=lcase 2> /dev/null
abcÆØÅ

在Bash 4中:

小写

$ string="A FEW WORDS"
$ echo "${string,}"
a FEW WORDS
$ echo "${string,,}"
a few words
$ echo "${string,,[AEIUO]}"
a FeW WoRDS

$ string="A Few Words"
$ declare -l string
$ string=$string; echo "$string"
a few words

大写

$ string="a few words"
$ echo "${string^}"
A few words
$ echo "${string^^}"
A FEW WORDS
$ echo "${string^^[aeiou]}"
A fEw wOrds

$ string="A Few Words"
$ declare -u string
$ string=$string; echo "$string"
A FEW WORDS

切换(未记录,但可在编译时配置)

$ string="A Few Words"
$ echo "${string~~}"
a fEW wORDS
$ string="A FEW WORDS"
$ echo "${string~}"
a FEW WORDS
$ string="a few words"
$ echo "${string~}"
A few words

大写(未记录,但可在编译时配置)

$ string="a few words"
$ declare -c string
$ string=$string
$ echo "$string"
A few words

标题大小写:

$ string="a few words"
$ string=($string)
$ string="${string[@]^}"
$ echo "$string"
A Few Words

$ declare -c string
$ string=(a few words)
$ echo "${string[@]}"
A Few Words

$ string="a FeW WOrdS"
$ string=${string,,}
$ string=${string~}
$ echo "$string"
A few words

要关闭声明属性,请使用+。例如,声明+c字符串。这会影响后续赋值,而不是当前值。

declare选项更改变量的属性,但不更改内容。示例中的重新分配会更新内容以显示更改。

编辑:

按照ghostdog74的建议,添加了“按单词切换第一个字符”(${var~})。

编辑:更正波浪号行为以匹配Bash 4.3。

在zsh中:

echo $a:u

我爱你!