我完全同意你说的话。早失败，快失败。非常好的异常咒语。

抛出哪个Exception主要是个人喜好的问题。在我看来，IllegalArgumentException似乎比使用NPE更具体，因为它告诉我问题是我传递给方法的参数，而不是执行方法时可能生成的值。

我的2美分

一些集合假设使用NullPointerException而不是IllegalArgumentException拒绝null。例如，如果你比较一个包含null的集合和一个拒绝null的集合，第一个集合将调用另一个集合的containsAll，并捕获它的NullPointerException——而不是IllegalArgumentException。(我正在查看AbstractSet.equals的实现。)

You could reasonably argue that using unchecked exceptions in this way is an antipattern, that comparing collections that contain null to collections that can't contain null is a likely bug that really should produce an exception, or that putting null in a collection at all is a bad idea. Nevertheless, unless you're willing to say that equals should throw an exception in such a case, you're stuck remembering that NullPointerException is required in certain circumstances but not in others. ("IAE before NPE except after 'c'...")

类似地，构建工具可以自动插入空检查。值得注意的是，Kotlin的编译器在向Java API传递可能为空的值时执行此操作。当检查失败时，结果是NullPointerException。因此，为了给所有的Kotlin用户和Java用户提供一致的行为，您需要使用NullPointerException。

我完全同意你说的话。早失败，快失败。非常好的异常咒语。

抛出哪个Exception主要是个人喜好的问题。在我看来，IllegalArgumentException似乎比使用NPE更具体，因为它告诉我问题是我传递给方法的参数，而不是执行方法时可能生成的值。

我的2美分

如果它是一个setter方法，并且null被传递给它，我认为抛出一个IllegalArgumentException会更有意义。NullPointerException似乎在尝试实际使用null的情况下更有意义。

如果你在使用它，它是空的，NullPointer。如果它被传入并且它为空，则为非法参数。

您应该抛出一个IllegalArgumentException，因为这将使程序员清楚地知道他做了一些无效的事情。开发人员太习惯于看到VM抛出的NPE，以至于任何程序员都不会立即意识到自己的错误，并开始随机查看，或者更糟糕的是，指责你的代码“有bug”。

给杰森·科恩的论点投了一票，因为它表现得很好。让我一步一步地分解它。: -)

The NPE JavaDoc explicitly says, "other illegal uses of the null object". If it was just limited to situations where the runtime encounters a null when it shouldn't, all such cases could be defined far more succinctly. Can't help it if you assume the wrong thing, but assuming encapsulation is applied properly, you really shouldn't care or notice whether a null was dereferenced inappropriately vs. whether a method detected an inappropriate null and fired an exception off. I'd choose NPE over IAE for multiple reasons It is more specific about the nature of the illegal operation Logic that mistakenly allows nulls tends to be very different from logic that mistakenly allows illegal values. For example, if I'm validating data entered by a user, if I get value that is unacceptable, the source of that error is with the end user of the application. If I get a null, that's programmer error. Invalid values can cause things like stack overflows, out of memory errors, parsing exceptions, etc. Indeed, most errors generally present, at some point, as an invalid value in some method call. For this reason I see IAE as actually the MOST GENERAL of all exceptions under RuntimeException. Actually, other invalid arguments can result in all kinds of other exceptions. UnknownHostException, FileNotFoundException, a variety of syntax error exceptions, IndexOutOfBoundsException, authentication failures, etc., etc.

总的来说，我觉得NPE受到了很大的诋毁，因为传统上一直与未能遵循快速失效原则的代码联系在一起。再加上JDK未能用消息字符串填充NPE，这确实产生了一种强烈的负面情绪，这种情绪是没有根据的。实际上，从运行时的角度来看，NPE和IAE之间的区别仅限于名称。从这个角度来看，你的名字越精确，你给调用者的信息就越清晰。