我已经阅读了大量关于c# v4附带的新关键字的文章,但我无法区分“dynamic”和“var”之间的区别。

这篇文章让我思考了一下,但我还是看不出有什么不同。

你是否只能将“var”用作局部变量,但同时用作局部变量和全局变量?

你能显示一些代码没有动态关键字,然后显示相同的代码与动态关键字吗?


当前回答

Var意味着应用静态类型检查(早期绑定)。Dynamic意味着应用动态类型检查(后期绑定)。在代码方面,考虑以下内容:

class Junk
{
    public void Hello()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Hello");
    }
}

class Program
{
    static void Main(String[] args)
    {
        var a = new Junk();
        dynamic b = new Junk();

        a.Hello();

        b.Hello();
    }
}

如果您编译它并使用ILSpy检查结果,您将发现编译器添加了一些后期绑定代码,这些代码将处理从b对Hello()的调用,而由于早期绑定应用于a, a能够直接调用Hello()。

例如(ILSpy拆卸)

using System;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    internal class Junk
    {
        public void Hello()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello");
        }
    }
}

using Microsoft.CSharp.RuntimeBinder;
using System;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    internal class Program
    {
        [CompilerGenerated]
        private static class <Main>o__SiteContainer0
        {
            public static CallSite<Action<CallSite, object>> <>p__Site1;
        }
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Junk a = new Junk();      //NOTE: Compiler converted var to Junk
            object b = new Junk();    //NOTE: Compiler converted dynamic to object
            a.Hello();  //Already Junk so just call the method.

                          //NOTE: Runtime binding (late binding) implementation added by compiler.
            if (Program.<Main>o__SiteContainer0.<>p__Site1 == null)
            {
                Program.<Main>o__SiteContainer0.<>p__Site1 = CallSite<Action<CallSite, object>>.Create(Binder.InvokeMember(CSharpBinderFlags.ResultDiscarded, "Hello", null, typeof(Program), new CSharpArgumentInfo[]
                {
                    CSharpArgumentInfo.Create(CSharpArgumentInfoFlags.None, null)
                }));
            }
            Program.<Main>o__SiteContainer0.<>p__Site1.Target(Program.<Main>o__SiteContainer0.<>p__Site1, b);
        }
    }
}

你能做的最好的事情是发现差异是自己写一个小的控制台应用程序,像这样,并用ILSpy自己测试它。

其他回答

用var声明的变量的类型是由编译器决定的,它是指定类型名称的快捷方式,仅此而已。

然而动态是在运行时确定的,编译器不知道实际的类型,所有对该变量的方法/字段/属性访问都将在运行时计算出来。

Var只是普通类型声明的简写,让编译器猜测正确的类型。

Dynamic是一种新的(静态)类型,其中所有检查都在运行时完成,而不是由编译器完成。

区别就在这里

var is statically typed (compile time), dynamic is dynamically typed (run time) A variable declared as var can only be used locally , dynamic variables can be passed in as params to function (function signature can define a param as dynamic but not var). with dynamic the resolution of the properties happens at runtime and thats not the case with var which means at compile time any variable declared as dynamic can call a method which may or maynot exist and so the compiler would not throw an error. Type casting with var not possible but with dynamic its possible (you can cast an object as dynamic but not as var).

阿伦Vijayraghavan

下面是一个简单的例子,演示了动态(4.0)和Var之间的差异

dynamic  di = 20;
dynamic ds = "sadlfk";
var vi = 10;
var vsTemp= "sdklf";

Console.WriteLine(di.GetType().ToString());          //Prints System.Int32
Console.WriteLine(ds.GetType().ToString());          //Prints System.String
Console.WriteLine(vi.GetType().ToString());          //Prints System.Int32
Console.WriteLine(vsTemp.GetType().ToString());      //Prints System.String

**ds = 12;**   //ds is treated as string until this stmt now assigning integer.

Console.WriteLine(ds.GetType().ToString());          **//Prints System.Int32**

**vs = 12**; //*Gives compile time error* - Here is the difference between Var and Dynamic. var is compile time bound variable.

湿婆Mamidi

Do not confuse dynamic and var. Declaring a local variable using var is just a syntactical shortcut that has the compiler infer the specific data type from an expression. The var keyword can be used only for declaring local variables inside a method while the dynamic keyword can be used for local variables, fields, and arguments. You cannot cast an expression to var, but you can cast an expression to dynamic. You must explicitly initialize a variable declared using var while you do not have to initialize a variable declared with dynamic.