这不安全，也不推荐，但这是可能的。

我有在生产环境中使用自动更新选项的应用程序的经验。

在这个解决方案中发现的主要问题和风险是:

Deploy in the wrong database. If you commit the mistake to run the application server with a old version of the application (EAR/WAR/etc) in the wrong database... You will have a lot of new columns, tables, foreign keys and errors. The same problem can occur with a simple mistake in the datasource file, (copy/paste file and forgot to change the database). In resume, the situation can be a disaster in your database. Application server takes too long to start. This occur because the Hibernate try to find all created tables/columns/etc every time you start the application. He needs to know what (table, column, etc) needs to be created. This problem will only gets worse as the database tables grows up. Database tools it's almost impossible to use. To create database DDL or DML scripts to run with a new version, you need to think about what will be created by the auto-update after you start the application server. Per example, If you need to fill a new column with some data, you need to start the application server, wait to Hibernate crete the new column and run the SQL script only after that. As can you see, database migration tools (like Flyway, Liquibase, etc) it's almost impossible to use with auto-update enabled. Database changes is not centralized. With the possibility of the Hibernate create tables and everything else, it's hard to watch the changes on database in each version of the application, because most of them are made automatically. Encourages garbage on database. Because of the "easy" use of auto-update, there is a chance your team neglecting to drop old columns and old tables, because the hibernate auto-update can't do that. Imminent disaster. The imminent risk of some disaster to occur in production (like some people mentioned in other answers). Even with an application running and being updated for years, I don't think it's a safe choice. I never felt safe with this option being used.

因此，我不建议在生产环境中使用自动更新。

如果你真的想在生产环境中使用自动更新，我建议:

网络分开。您的测试环境无法访问同源环境。这有助于防止原本应该在测试环境中的部署更改同源数据库。 管理脚本顺序。您需要在部署之前(结构表更改、删除表/列)和部署之后(填充新列/表的信息)组织运行的脚本。

而且，与其他文章不同的是，我不认为自动更新启用了它与“高薪”dba有关(如其他文章所述)。dba有比编写SQL语句来创建/更改/删除表和列更重要的事情要做。这些简单的日常任务可以由开发人员完成和自动化，只需要DBA团队进行检查，而不需要Hibernate和DBA“高薪”编写它们。

这不安全，也不推荐，但这是可能的。

我有在生产环境中使用自动更新选项的应用程序的经验。

在这个解决方案中发现的主要问题和风险是:

Deploy in the wrong database. If you commit the mistake to run the application server with a old version of the application (EAR/WAR/etc) in the wrong database... You will have a lot of new columns, tables, foreign keys and errors. The same problem can occur with a simple mistake in the datasource file, (copy/paste file and forgot to change the database). In resume, the situation can be a disaster in your database. Application server takes too long to start. This occur because the Hibernate try to find all created tables/columns/etc every time you start the application. He needs to know what (table, column, etc) needs to be created. This problem will only gets worse as the database tables grows up. Database tools it's almost impossible to use. To create database DDL or DML scripts to run with a new version, you need to think about what will be created by the auto-update after you start the application server. Per example, If you need to fill a new column with some data, you need to start the application server, wait to Hibernate crete the new column and run the SQL script only after that. As can you see, database migration tools (like Flyway, Liquibase, etc) it's almost impossible to use with auto-update enabled. Database changes is not centralized. With the possibility of the Hibernate create tables and everything else, it's hard to watch the changes on database in each version of the application, because most of them are made automatically. Encourages garbage on database. Because of the "easy" use of auto-update, there is a chance your team neglecting to drop old columns and old tables, because the hibernate auto-update can't do that. Imminent disaster. The imminent risk of some disaster to occur in production (like some people mentioned in other answers). Even with an application running and being updated for years, I don't think it's a safe choice. I never felt safe with this option being used.

因此，我不建议在生产环境中使用自动更新。

如果你真的想在生产环境中使用自动更新，我建议:

网络分开。您的测试环境无法访问同源环境。这有助于防止原本应该在测试环境中的部署更改同源数据库。 管理脚本顺序。您需要在部署之前(结构表更改、删除表/列)和部署之后(填充新列/表的信息)组织运行的脚本。

而且，与其他文章不同的是，我不认为自动更新启用了它与“高薪”dba有关(如其他文章所述)。dba有比编写SQL语句来创建/更改/删除表和列更重要的事情要做。这些简单的日常任务可以由开发人员完成和自动化，只需要DBA团队进行检查，而不需要Hibernate和DBA“高薪”编写它们。

Hibernate创建者在他们的书“Java Persistence with Hibernate”中不鼓励在生产环境中这样做:

警告:我们已经看到Hibernate用户试图使用SchemaUpdate自动更新生产数据库的模式。这很快就会导致灾难，而且DBA不允许这样做。

我们在生产环境中进行，尽管应用程序不是关键任务，也没有高薪的dba。这只是减少了一个受人为错误影响的手动过程——应用程序可以检测到差异并做正确的事情，而且您可能已经在各种开发和测试环境中对其进行了测试。

一个警告——在集群环境中，你可能想要避免它，因为多个应用程序可能会同时出现，并试图修改模式，这可能是不好的。或者放入某种只允许一个实例更新模式的机制。

不，永远不要这么做。Hibernate不处理数据迁移。是的，它将使您的模式看起来正确，但它不能确保有价值的生产数据不会在过程中丢失。

通常，大型组织中的企业应用程序以较少的权限运行。 数据库用户名可能没有DDL权限，不能添加hbm2ddl的列。汽车=更新要求。