如何将URL参数转换为JavaScript对象?

我有一个这样的字符串:

abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5

如何将其转换为这样的JavaScript对象?

{
  abc: 'foo',
  def: '[asf]',
  xyz: 5
}

当前回答

另一种基于URLSearchParams最新标准的解决方案(https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams)

function getQueryParamsObject() {
  const searchParams = new URLSearchParams(location.search.slice(1));
  return searchParams
    ? _.fromPairs(Array.from(searchParams.entries()))
    : {};
}

请注意，这个解决方案是利用

Array.from (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/from)

和lodash的_. fropairs (https://lodash.com/docs#fromPairs)，以便简单。

因为您可以访问searchParams.entries()迭代器，所以创建一个更兼容的解决方案应该很容易。

2016-05-12 10:38:28

其他回答

2022 ES6/7/8，进近

从ES6开始，Javascript提供了几个构造来为这个问题创建一个性能解决方案。

这包括使用URLSearchParams和迭代器

let params = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5');
params.get("abc"); // "foo"

如果你的用例需要你实际将其转换为对象，你可以实现以下函数:

function paramsToObject(entries) {
  const result = {}
  for(const [key, value] of entries) { // each 'entry' is a [key, value] tupple
    result[key] = value;
  }
  return result;
}

基本的演示

const urlParams = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5');
const entries = urlParams.entries(); //returns an iterator of decoded [key,value] tuples
const params = paramsToObject(entries); //{abc:"foo",def:"[asf]",xyz:"5"}

使用Object.fromEntries和spread

我们可以使用Object.fromEntries，用Object.fromEntries(entries)替换paramsToObject。

对象的列表名称-值对是要遍历的值对键是名称，值是值。

由于URLParams返回一个可迭代对象，使用展开操作符而不是调用.entries也将根据其规范生成条目:

const urlParams = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5');
const params = Object.fromEntries(urlParams); // {abc: "foo", def: "[asf]", xyz: "5"}

注意:根据URLSearchParams规范，所有值都是自动字符串

多个相同的键

正如@siipe指出的，包含多个相同键值的字符串将被强制转换为最后一个可用值:foo=first_value&foo=second_value本质上将变成:{foo: "second_value"}。

根据这个答案:https://stackoverflow.com/a/1746566/1194694没有规范来决定用它做什么，每个框架可以有不同的行为。

一个常见的用例是将两个相同的值连接到一个数组中，使输出对象变成:

{foo: ["first_value", "second_value"]}

这可以通过以下代码实现:

const groupParamsByKey = (params) => [...params.entries()].reduce((acc, tuple) => {
 // getting the key and value from each tuple
 const [key, val] = tuple;
 if(acc.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
    // if the current key is already an array, we'll add the value to it
    if(Array.isArray(acc[key])) {
      acc[key] = [...acc[key], val]
    } else {
      // if it's not an array, but contains a value, we'll convert it into an array
      // and add the current value to it
      acc[key] = [acc[key], val];
    }
 } else {
  // plain assignment if no special case is present
  acc[key] = val;
 }

return acc;
}, {});

const params = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5&def=dude');
const output = groupParamsByKey(params) // {abc: "foo", def: ["[asf]", "dude"], xyz: 5}

2018-09-27 14:22:50

下面是硅制品方法的一个更简化的版本。

下面的函数可以从USVString或Location解析查询字符串。

/** * Returns a plain object representation of a URLSearchParams object. * @param {USVString} search - A URL querystring * @return {Object} a key-value pair object from a URL querystring */ const parseSearch = (search) => [...new URLSearchParams(search).entries()] .reduce((acc, [key, val]) => ({ ...acc, // eslint-disable-next-line no-nested-ternary [key]: Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(acc, key) ? Array.isArray(acc[key]) ? [...acc[key], val] : [acc[key], val] : val }), {}); /** * Returns a plain object representation of a URLSearchParams object. * @param {Location} location - Either a document or window location, or React useLocation() * @return {Object} a key-value pair object from a URL querystring */ const parseLocationSearch = (location) => parseSearch(location.search); console.log(parseSearch('?foo=bar&x=y&ids=%5B1%2C2%2C3%5D&ids=%5B4%2C5%2C6%5D')); .as-console-wrapper { top: 0; max-height: 100% !important; }

下面是上面代码的一行代码(125字节):

f是parsearchch

f=s=>[...new URLSearchParams(s).entries()].reduce((a,[k,v])=>({...a,[k]:a[k]?Array.isArray(a[k])?[...a[k],v]:[a[k],v]:v}),{})

Edit

下面是一个序列化和更新的方法:

2021-02-24 16:51:56

这似乎是最好的解决方案，因为它考虑了同名的多个参数。

    function paramsToJSON(str) {
        var pairs = str.split('&');
        var result = {};
        pairs.forEach(function(pair) {
            pair = pair.split('=');
            var name = pair[0]
            var value = pair[1]
            if( name.length )
                if (result[name] !== undefined) {
                    if (!result[name].push) {
                        result[name] = [result[name]];
                    }
                    result[name].push(value || '');
                } else {
                    result[name] = value || '';
                }
        });
        return( result );
    }

<a href="index.html?x=1&x=2&x=3&y=blah">something</a>
paramsToJSON("x=1&x=2&x=3&y=blah"); 

console yields => {x: Array[3], y: "blah"} where x is an array as is proper JSON

后来我决定把它转换成一个jQuery插件…

$.fn.serializeURLParams = function() {
    var result = {};

    if( !this.is("a") || this.attr("href").indexOf("?") == -1 ) 
        return( result );

    var pairs = this.attr("href").split("?")[1].split('&');
    pairs.forEach(function(pair) {
        pair = pair.split('=');
        var name = decodeURI(pair[0])
        var value = decodeURI(pair[1])
        if( name.length )
            if (result[name] !== undefined) {
                if (!result[name].push) {
                    result[name] = [result[name]];
                }
                result[name].push(value || '');
            } else {
                result[name] = value || '';
            }
    });
    return( result )
}

<a href="index.html?x=1&x=2&x=3&y=blah">something</a>
$("a").serializeURLParams(); 

console yields => {x: Array[3], y: "blah"} where x is an array as is proper JSON

现在，第一个将只接受参数，但jQuery插件将接受整个url并返回序列化的参数。

2014-08-24 21:46:40

2023年一行方法

一般情况下，你想要解析查询参数到一个对象:

Object.fromEntries(new URLSearchParams(location.search));

针对您的具体情况:

Object.fromEntries(new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5'));

2019-06-26 20:41:16

使用phpjs

function parse_str(str, array) {
  //       discuss at: http://phpjs.org/functions/parse_str/
  //      original by: Cagri Ekin
  //      improved by: Michael White (http://getsprink.com)
  //      improved by: Jack
  //      improved by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me)
  //      bugfixed by: Onno Marsman
  //      bugfixed by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me)
  //      bugfixed by: stag019
  //      bugfixed by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me)
  //      bugfixed by: MIO_KODUKI (http://mio-koduki.blogspot.com/)
  // reimplemented by: stag019
  //         input by: Dreamer
  //         input by: Zaide (http://zaidesthings.com/)
  //         input by: David Pesta (http://davidpesta.com/)
  //         input by: jeicquest
  //             note: When no argument is specified, will put variables in global scope.
  //             note: When a particular argument has been passed, and the returned value is different parse_str of PHP. For example, a=b=c&d====c
  //             test: skip
  //        example 1: var arr = {};
  //        example 1: parse_str('first=foo&second=bar', arr);
  //        example 1: $result = arr
  //        returns 1: { first: 'foo', second: 'bar' }
  //        example 2: var arr = {};
  //        example 2: parse_str('str_a=Jack+and+Jill+didn%27t+see+the+well.', arr);
  //        example 2: $result = arr
  //        returns 2: { str_a: "Jack and Jill didn't see the well." }
  //        example 3: var abc = {3:'a'};
  //        example 3: parse_str('abc[a][b]["c"]=def&abc[q]=t+5');
  //        returns 3: {"3":"a","a":{"b":{"c":"def"}},"q":"t 5"}

  var strArr = String(str)
    .replace(/^&/, '')
    .replace(/&$/, '')
    .split('&'),
    sal = strArr.length,
    i, j, ct, p, lastObj, obj, lastIter, undef, chr, tmp, key, value,
    postLeftBracketPos, keys, keysLen,
    fixStr = function(str) {
      return decodeURIComponent(str.replace(/\+/g, '%20'));
    };

  if (!array) {
    array = this.window;
  }

  for (i = 0; i < sal; i++) {
    tmp = strArr[i].split('=');
    key = fixStr(tmp[0]);
    value = (tmp.length < 2) ? '' : fixStr(tmp[1]);

    while (key.charAt(0) === ' ') {
      key = key.slice(1);
    }
    if (key.indexOf('\x00') > -1) {
      key = key.slice(0, key.indexOf('\x00'));
    }
    if (key && key.charAt(0) !== '[') {
      keys = [];
      postLeftBracketPos = 0;
      for (j = 0; j < key.length; j++) {
        if (key.charAt(j) === '[' && !postLeftBracketPos) {
          postLeftBracketPos = j + 1;
        } else if (key.charAt(j) === ']') {
          if (postLeftBracketPos) {
            if (!keys.length) {
              keys.push(key.slice(0, postLeftBracketPos - 1));
            }
            keys.push(key.substr(postLeftBracketPos, j - postLeftBracketPos));
            postLeftBracketPos = 0;
            if (key.charAt(j + 1) !== '[') {
              break;
            }
          }
        }
      }
      if (!keys.length) {
        keys = [key];
      }
      for (j = 0; j < keys[0].length; j++) {
        chr = keys[0].charAt(j);
        if (chr === ' ' || chr === '.' || chr === '[') {
          keys[0] = keys[0].substr(0, j) + '_' + keys[0].substr(j + 1);
        }
        if (chr === '[') {
          break;
        }
      }

      obj = array;
      for (j = 0, keysLen = keys.length; j < keysLen; j++) {
        key = keys[j].replace(/^['"]/, '')
          .replace(/['"]$/, '');
        lastIter = j !== keys.length - 1;
        lastObj = obj;
        if ((key !== '' && key !== ' ') || j === 0) {
          if (obj[key] === undef) {
            obj[key] = {};
          }
          obj = obj[key];
        } else { // To insert new dimension
          ct = -1;
          for (p in obj) {
            if (obj.hasOwnProperty(p)) {
              if (+p > ct && p.match(/^\d+$/g)) {
                ct = +p;
              }
            }
          }
          key = ct + 1;
        }
      }
      lastObj[key] = value;
    }
  }
}

2017-06-23 04:27:01

如何将URL参数转换为JavaScript对象?

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