我发现$. string .deparam是最完整的预构建解决方案(可以做嵌套对象等)。查看文档。

2022 ES6/7/8，进近

从ES6开始，Javascript提供了几个构造来为这个问题创建一个性能解决方案。

这包括使用URLSearchParams和迭代器

let params = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5');
params.get("abc"); // "foo"

如果你的用例需要你实际将其转换为对象，你可以实现以下函数:

function paramsToObject(entries) {
  const result = {}
  for(const [key, value] of entries) { // each 'entry' is a [key, value] tupple
    result[key] = value;
  }
  return result;
}

基本的演示

const urlParams = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5');
const entries = urlParams.entries(); //returns an iterator of decoded [key,value] tuples
const params = paramsToObject(entries); //{abc:"foo",def:"[asf]",xyz:"5"}

使用Object.fromEntries和spread

我们可以使用Object.fromEntries，用Object.fromEntries(entries)替换paramsToObject。

对象的列表名称-值对是要遍历的值对 键是名称，值是值。

由于URLParams返回一个可迭代对象，使用展开操作符而不是调用.entries也将根据其规范生成条目:

const urlParams = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5');
const params = Object.fromEntries(urlParams); // {abc: "foo", def: "[asf]", xyz: "5"}

注意:根据URLSearchParams规范，所有值都是自动字符串

多个相同的键

正如@siipe指出的，包含多个相同键值的字符串将被强制转换为最后一个可用值:foo=first_value&foo=second_value本质上将变成:{foo: "second_value"}。

根据这个答案:https://stackoverflow.com/a/1746566/1194694没有规范来决定用它做什么，每个框架可以有不同的行为。

一个常见的用例是将两个相同的值连接到一个数组中，使输出对象变成:

{foo: ["first_value", "second_value"]}

这可以通过以下代码实现:

const groupParamsByKey = (params) => [...params.entries()].reduce((acc, tuple) => {
 // getting the key and value from each tuple
 const [key, val] = tuple;
 if(acc.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
    // if the current key is already an array, we'll add the value to it
    if(Array.isArray(acc[key])) {
      acc[key] = [...acc[key], val]
    } else {
      // if it's not an array, but contains a value, we'll convert it into an array
      // and add the current value to it
      acc[key] = [acc[key], val];
    }
 } else {
  // plain assignment if no special case is present
  acc[key] = val;
 }

return acc;
}, {});

const params = new URLSearchParams('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5&def=dude');
const output = groupParamsByKey(params) // {abc: "foo", def: ["[asf]", "dude"], xyz: 5}

有一个名为YouAreI.js的轻量级库，它经过测试，使这个非常简单。

YouAreI = require('YouAreI')
uri = new YouAreI('http://user:pass@www.example.com:3000/a/b/c?d=dad&e=1&f=12.3#fragment');

uri.query_get() => { d: 'dad', e: '1', f: '12.3' }

使用phpjs

function parse_str(str, array) {
  //       discuss at: http://phpjs.org/functions/parse_str/
  //      original by: Cagri Ekin
  //      improved by: Michael White (http://getsprink.com)
  //      improved by: Jack
  //      improved by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me)
  //      bugfixed by: Onno Marsman
  //      bugfixed by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me)
  //      bugfixed by: stag019
  //      bugfixed by: Brett Zamir (http://brett-zamir.me)
  //      bugfixed by: MIO_KODUKI (http://mio-koduki.blogspot.com/)
  // reimplemented by: stag019
  //         input by: Dreamer
  //         input by: Zaide (http://zaidesthings.com/)
  //         input by: David Pesta (http://davidpesta.com/)
  //         input by: jeicquest
  //             note: When no argument is specified, will put variables in global scope.
  //             note: When a particular argument has been passed, and the returned value is different parse_str of PHP. For example, a=b=c&d====c
  //             test: skip
  //        example 1: var arr = {};
  //        example 1: parse_str('first=foo&second=bar', arr);
  //        example 1: $result = arr
  //        returns 1: { first: 'foo', second: 'bar' }
  //        example 2: var arr = {};
  //        example 2: parse_str('str_a=Jack+and+Jill+didn%27t+see+the+well.', arr);
  //        example 2: $result = arr
  //        returns 2: { str_a: "Jack and Jill didn't see the well." }
  //        example 3: var abc = {3:'a'};
  //        example 3: parse_str('abc[a][b]["c"]=def&abc[q]=t+5');
  //        returns 3: {"3":"a","a":{"b":{"c":"def"}},"q":"t 5"}

  var strArr = String(str)
    .replace(/^&/, '')
    .replace(/&$/, '')
    .split('&'),
    sal = strArr.length,
    i, j, ct, p, lastObj, obj, lastIter, undef, chr, tmp, key, value,
    postLeftBracketPos, keys, keysLen,
    fixStr = function(str) {
      return decodeURIComponent(str.replace(/\+/g, '%20'));
    };

  if (!array) {
    array = this.window;
  }

  for (i = 0; i < sal; i++) {
    tmp = strArr[i].split('=');
    key = fixStr(tmp[0]);
    value = (tmp.length < 2) ? '' : fixStr(tmp[1]);

    while (key.charAt(0) === ' ') {
      key = key.slice(1);
    }
    if (key.indexOf('\x00') > -1) {
      key = key.slice(0, key.indexOf('\x00'));
    }
    if (key && key.charAt(0) !== '[') {
      keys = [];
      postLeftBracketPos = 0;
      for (j = 0; j < key.length; j++) {
        if (key.charAt(j) === '[' && !postLeftBracketPos) {
          postLeftBracketPos = j + 1;
        } else if (key.charAt(j) === ']') {
          if (postLeftBracketPos) {
            if (!keys.length) {
              keys.push(key.slice(0, postLeftBracketPos - 1));
            }
            keys.push(key.substr(postLeftBracketPos, j - postLeftBracketPos));
            postLeftBracketPos = 0;
            if (key.charAt(j + 1) !== '[') {
              break;
            }
          }
        }
      }
      if (!keys.length) {
        keys = [key];
      }
      for (j = 0; j < keys[0].length; j++) {
        chr = keys[0].charAt(j);
        if (chr === ' ' || chr === '.' || chr === '[') {
          keys[0] = keys[0].substr(0, j) + '_' + keys[0].substr(j + 1);
        }
        if (chr === '[') {
          break;
        }
      }

      obj = array;
      for (j = 0, keysLen = keys.length; j < keysLen; j++) {
        key = keys[j].replace(/^['"]/, '')
          .replace(/['"]$/, '');
        lastIter = j !== keys.length - 1;
        lastObj = obj;
        if ((key !== '' && key !== ' ') || j === 0) {
          if (obj[key] === undef) {
            obj[key] = {};
          }
          obj = obj[key];
        } else { // To insert new dimension
          ct = -1;
          for (p in obj) {
            if (obj.hasOwnProperty(p)) {
              if (+p > ct && p.match(/^\d+$/g)) {
                ct = +p;
              }
            }
          }
          key = ct + 1;
        }
      }
      lastObj[key] = value;
    }
  }
}

在Mike Causer回答的基础上，我创建了这个函数，它考虑了具有相同键的多个参数(foo=bar&foo=baz)和逗号分隔的参数(foo=bar,baz,bin)。它还允许您搜索某个查询键。

function getQueryParams(queryKey) {
    var queryString = window.location.search;
    var query = {};
    var pairs = (queryString[0] === '?' ? queryString.substr(1) : queryString).split('&');
    for (var i = 0; i < pairs.length; i++) {
        var pair = pairs[i].split('=');
        var key = decodeURIComponent(pair[0]);
        var value = decodeURIComponent(pair[1] || '');
        // Se possui uma vírgula no valor, converter em um array
        value = (value.indexOf(',') === -1 ? value : value.split(','));

        // Se a key já existe, tratar ela como um array
        if (query[key]) {
            if (query[key].constructor === Array) {
                // Array.concat() faz merge se o valor inserido for um array
                query[key] = query[key].concat(value);
            } else {
                // Se não for um array, criar um array contendo o valor anterior e o novo valor
                query[key] = [query[key], value];
            }
        } else {
            query[key] = value;
        }
    }

    if (typeof queryKey === 'undefined') {
        return query;
    } else {
        return query[queryKey];
    }
}

示例输入: foo.html吗?博兹,foo = bar&foo = baz&foo =鹿角的第二叉,buz&bar = 1, 2, 3

示例输出

{
    foo: ["bar","baz","bez","boz","buz"],
    bar: ["1","2","3"]
}

下面是我的快速而粗糙的版本，基本上它将以'&'分隔的URL参数拆分为数组元素，然后迭代该数组，将以'='分隔的键/值对添加到一个对象中。我使用decodeURIComponent()将编码字符转换为正常的字符串等效(因此%20变成空格，%26变成'&'等):

function deparam(paramStr) {
    let paramArr = paramStr.split('&');     
    let paramObj = {};
    paramArr.forEach(e=>{
        let param = e.split('=');
        paramObj[param[0]] = decodeURIComponent(param[1]);
    });
    return paramObj;
}

例子:

deparam('abc=foo&def=%5Basf%5D&xyz=5')

返回

{
    abc: "foo"
    def:"[asf]"
    xyz :"5"
}

唯一的问题是xyz是一个字符串而不是一个数字(由于使用decodeURIComponent())，但除此之外，它不是一个坏的起点。