I have used double pointers today while I was programming something for work, so I can answer why we had to use them (it's the first time I actually had to use double pointers). We had to deal with real time encoding of frames contained in buffers which are members of some structures. In the encoder we had to use a pointer to one of those structures. The problem was that our pointer was being changed to point to other structures from another thread. In order to use the current structure in the encoder, I had to use a double pointer, in order to point to the pointer that was being modified in another thread. It wasn't obvious at first, at least for us, that we had to take this approach. A lot of address were printed in the process :)).

当你处理在应用程序其他地方被更改的指针时，你应该使用双指针。在处理返回和寻址给您的硬件时，您可能还会发现双指针是必须的。

我经常使用它们的一件事是，当我有一个对象数组，我需要根据不同的字段对它们执行查找(二进制搜索)。 我保留原始数组…

int num_objects;
OBJECT *original_array = malloc(sizeof(OBJECT)*num_objects);

然后创建一个指向对象的排序指针数组。

int compare_object_by_name( const void *v1, const void *v2 ) {
  OBJECT *o1 = *(OBJECT **)v1;
  OBJECT *o2 = *(OBJECT **)v2;
  return (strcmp(o1->name, o2->name);
}

OBJECT **object_ptrs_by_name = malloc(sizeof(OBJECT *)*num_objects);
  int i = 0;
  for( ; i<num_objects; i++)
    object_ptrs_by_name[i] = original_array+i;
  qsort(object_ptrs_by_name, num_objects, sizeof(OBJECT *), compare_object_by_name);

您可以根据需要创建任意数量的已排序指针数组，然后对已排序指针数组使用二进制搜索，根据已有的数据访问所需的对象。对象的原始数组可以保持无序，但是每个指针数组将按照它们指定的字段进行排序。

1. 基本概念-

当你申报如下:-

1. Char *ch -(称为字符指针) - ch为单个字符的地址。 - (*ch)将解引用字符的值。

2. Char **ch - 'ch'包含字符指针数组的地址。(如1) '*ch'包含单个字符的地址。(注意它与1不同，因为声明不同)。 (**ch)将解引用到字符的确切值..

添加更多指针将扩展数据类型的维度，从字符扩展到字符串，再扩展到字符串数组，等等……你可以把它和一维，二维，三维矩阵联系起来。

指针的用法取决于你如何声明它。

这是一个简单的代码..

int main()
{
    char **p;
    p = (char **)malloc(100);
    p[0] = (char *)"Apple";      // or write *p, points to location of 'A'
    p[1] = (char *)"Banana";     // or write *(p+1), points to location of 'B'

    cout << *p << endl;          //Prints the first pointer location until it finds '\0'
    cout << **p << endl;         //Prints the exact character which is being pointed
    *p++;                        //Increments for the next string
    cout << *p;
}

2. 双指针的另一个应用 (这也包括引用传递)

假设您想从函数中更新一个字符。如果你尝试以下方法:-

void func(char ch)
{
    ch = 'B';
}

int main()
{
    char ptr;
    ptr = 'A';
    printf("%c", ptr);

    func(ptr);
    printf("%c\n", ptr);
}

输出为AA。这是行不通的，因为您已经将“按值传递”传递给了函数。

正确的做法是-

void func( char *ptr)        //Passed by Reference
{
    *ptr = 'B';
}

int main()
{
    char *ptr;
    ptr = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 1);
    *ptr = 'A';
    printf("%c\n", *ptr);

    func(ptr);
    printf("%c\n", *ptr);
}

现在扩展这个要求，更新字符串而不是字符。 为此，需要将函数中的形参作为双指针接收。

void func(char **str)
{
    strcpy(str, "Second");
}

int main()
{
    char **str;
    // printf("%d\n", sizeof(char));
    *str = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char) * 10);          //Can hold 10 character pointers
    int i = 0;
    for(i=0;i<10;i++)
    {
        str = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 1);         //Each pointer can point to a memory of 1 character.
    }

    strcpy(str, "First");
    printf("%s\n", str);
    func(str);
    printf("%s\n", str);
}

在本例中，method使用双指针作为参数来更新字符串的值。

例如，如果您想随机访问不连续的数据。

p -> [p0, p1, p2, ...]  
p0 -> data1
p1 -> data2

——用C

T ** p = (T **) malloc(sizeof(T*) * n);
p[0] = (T*) malloc(sizeof(T));
p[1] = (T*) malloc(sizeof(T));

存储一个指针p，它指向一个指针数组。每个指针指向一段数据。

如果sizeof(T)很大，则可能无法分配sizeof(T) * n字节的连续块(即使用malloc)。

例如，你可能想要确保当你释放某个东西的内存时，你将指针设置为空。

void safeFree(void** memory) {
    if (*memory) {
        free(*memory);
        *memory = NULL;
    }
}

当你调用这个函数时，你会用指针的地址来调用它

void* myMemory = someCrazyFunctionThatAllocatesMemory();
safeFree(&myMemory);

现在myMemory被设置为NULL，任何重用它的尝试都将是非常明显的错误。

I have used double pointers today while I was programming something for work, so I can answer why we had to use them (it's the first time I actually had to use double pointers). We had to deal with real time encoding of frames contained in buffers which are members of some structures. In the encoder we had to use a pointer to one of those structures. The problem was that our pointer was being changed to point to other structures from another thread. In order to use the current structure in the encoder, I had to use a double pointer, in order to point to the pointer that was being modified in another thread. It wasn't obvious at first, at least for us, that we had to take this approach. A lot of address were printed in the process :)).

当你处理在应用程序其他地方被更改的指针时，你应该使用双指针。在处理返回和寻址给您的硬件时，您可能还会发现双指针是必须的。