如果只是想从字符串URL后的参数。然后下面的代码将工作。我只是假设简单的Url。我的意思是没有严格和快速的检查和解码。就像在我的一个测试案例中，我得到了Url，我知道我只需要参数的值。url很简单。不需要编码解码。

String location = "https://google.com.ua/oauth/authorize?client_id=SS&response_type=code&scope=N_FULL&access_type=offline&redirect_uri=http://localhost/Callback";
String location1 = "https://stackoverflow.com?param1=value1&param2=value2&param3=value3";
String location2 = "https://stackoverflow.com?param1=value1&param2=&param3=value3&param3";
    
    Map<String, String> paramsMap = Stream.of(location)
        .filter(l -> l.indexOf("?") != -1)
        .map(l -> l.substring(l.indexOf("?") + 1, l.length()))
        .flatMap(q -> Pattern.compile("&").splitAsStream(q))
        .map(s -> s.split("="))
        .filter(a -> a.length == 2)
        .collect(Collectors.toMap(
            a -> a[0], 
            a -> a[1],
            (existing, replacement) -> existing + ", " + replacement,
            LinkedHashMap::new
        ));
    
    System.out.println(paramsMap);

谢谢

有一个新版本的Apache HTTP客户端- org.apache.httpcomponents。client5 -其中URLEncodedUtils现在已弃用。应该改为使用URIBuilder:

import org.apache.hc.core5.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.hc.core5.net.URIBuilder;

private static Map<String, String> getQueryParameters(final String url) throws URISyntaxException {
    return new URIBuilder(new URI(url), StandardCharsets.UTF_8).getQueryParams()
                                                               .stream()
                                                               .collect(Collectors.toMap(NameValuePair::getName,
                                                                                         nameValuePair -> URLDecoder.decode(nameValuePair.getValue(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));
}

Netty还提供了一个很好的查询字符串解析器，称为QueryStringDecoder。 在一行代码中，它可以解析问题中的URL。 我喜欢它是因为它不需要捕获或抛出java.net.MalformedURLException。

一句话:

Map<String, List<String>> parameters = new QueryStringDecoder(url).parameters();

查看javadocs: https://netty.io/4.1/api/io/netty/handler/codec/http/QueryStringDecoder.html

下面是一个简短的、完整的、正确的例子:

import io.netty.handler.codec.http.QueryStringDecoder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class UrlParse {

  public static void main(String... args) {
    String url = "https://google.com.ua/oauth/authorize?client_id=SS&response_type=code&scope=N_FULL&access_type=offline&redirect_uri=http://localhost/Callback";
    QueryStringDecoder decoder = new QueryStringDecoder(url);
    Map<String, List<String>> parameters = decoder.parameters();
    print(parameters);
  }

  private static void print(final Map<String, List<String>> parameters) {
    System.out.println("NAME               VALUE");
    System.out.println("------------------------");
    parameters.forEach((key, values) ->
        values.forEach(val ->
            System.out.println(StringUtils.rightPad(key, 19) + val)));
  }
}

而产生

NAME               VALUE
------------------------
client_id          SS
response_type      code
scope              N_FULL
access_type        offline
redirect_uri       http://localhost/Callback

我有一个Kotlin版本，看看这是如何在谷歌的顶部结果。

@Throws(UnsupportedEncodingException::class)
fun splitQuery(url: URL): Map<String, List<String>> {

    val queryPairs = LinkedHashMap<String, ArrayList<String>>()

    url.query.split("&".toRegex())
            .dropLastWhile { it.isEmpty() }
            .map { it.split('=') }
            .map { it.getOrEmpty(0).decodeToUTF8() to it.getOrEmpty(1).decodeToUTF8() }
            .forEach { (key, value) ->

                if (!queryPairs.containsKey(key)) {
                    queryPairs[key] = arrayListOf(value)
                } else {

                    if(!queryPairs[key]!!.contains(value)) {
                        queryPairs[key]!!.add(value)
                    }
                }
            }

    return queryPairs
}

还有扩展方法

fun List<String>.getOrEmpty(index: Int) : String {
    return getOrElse(index) {""}
}

fun String.decodeToUTF8(): String { 
    URLDecoder.decode(this, "UTF-8")
}

在这里回答，因为这是一个流行的线程。这是一个干净的Kotlin解决方案，使用推荐的UrlQuerySanitizer api。请参阅官方文档。我添加了一个字符串构建器来连接和显示参数。

    var myURL: String? = null

    if (intent.hasExtra("my_value")) {
        myURL = intent.extras.getString("my_value")
    } else {
        myURL = intent.dataString
    }

    val sanitizer = UrlQuerySanitizer(myURL)
    // We don't want to manually define every expected query *key*, so we set this to true
    sanitizer.allowUnregisteredParamaters = true
    val parameterNamesToValues: List<UrlQuerySanitizer.ParameterValuePair> = sanitizer.parameterList
    val parameterIterator: Iterator<UrlQuerySanitizer.ParameterValuePair> = parameterNamesToValues.iterator()

    // Helper simply so we can display all values on screen
    val stringBuilder = StringBuilder()

    while (parameterIterator.hasNext()) {
        val parameterValuePair: UrlQuerySanitizer.ParameterValuePair = parameterIterator.next()
        val parameterName: String = parameterValuePair.mParameter
        val parameterValue: String = parameterValuePair.mValue

        // Append string to display all key value pairs
        stringBuilder.append("Key: $parameterName\nValue: $parameterValue\n\n")
    }

    // Set a textView's text to display the string
    val paramListString = stringBuilder.toString()
    val textView: TextView = findViewById(R.id.activity_title) as TextView
    textView.text = "Paramlist is \n\n$paramListString"

    // to check if the url has specific keys
    if (sanitizer.hasParameter("type")) {
        val type = sanitizer.getValue("type")
        println("sanitizer has type param $type")
    }

使用上面提到的注释和解决方案，我存储所有的查询参数使用映射<字符串，对象>对象可以是字符串或集<字符串>。解决方案如下。建议使用某种类型的url验证器先验证url，然后调用convertQueryStringToMap方法。

private static final String DEFAULT_ENCODING_SCHEME = "UTF-8";

public static Map<String, Object> convertQueryStringToMap(String url) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, URISyntaxException {
    List<NameValuePair> params = URLEncodedUtils.parse(new URI(url), DEFAULT_ENCODING_SCHEME);
    Map<String, Object> queryStringMap = new HashMap<>();
    for(NameValuePair param : params){
        queryStringMap.put(param.getName(), handleMultiValuedQueryParam(queryStringMap, param.getName(), param.getValue()));
    }
    return queryStringMap;
}

private static Object handleMultiValuedQueryParam(Map responseMap, String key, String value) {
    if (!responseMap.containsKey(key)) {
        return value.contains(",") ? new HashSet<String>(Arrays.asList(value.split(","))) : value;
    } else {
        Set<String> queryValueSet = responseMap.get(key) instanceof Set ? (Set<String>) responseMap.get(key) : new HashSet<String>();
        if (value.contains(",")) {
            queryValueSet.addAll(Arrays.asList(value.split(",")));
        } else {
            queryValueSet.add(value);
        }
        return queryValueSet;
    }
}