使用上面提到的注释和解决方案，我存储所有的查询参数使用映射<字符串，对象>对象可以是字符串或集<字符串>。解决方案如下。建议使用某种类型的url验证器先验证url，然后调用convertQueryStringToMap方法。

private static final String DEFAULT_ENCODING_SCHEME = "UTF-8";

public static Map<String, Object> convertQueryStringToMap(String url) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, URISyntaxException {
    List<NameValuePair> params = URLEncodedUtils.parse(new URI(url), DEFAULT_ENCODING_SCHEME);
    Map<String, Object> queryStringMap = new HashMap<>();
    for(NameValuePair param : params){
        queryStringMap.put(param.getName(), handleMultiValuedQueryParam(queryStringMap, param.getName(), param.getValue()));
    }
    return queryStringMap;
}

private static Object handleMultiValuedQueryParam(Map responseMap, String key, String value) {
    if (!responseMap.containsKey(key)) {
        return value.contains(",") ? new HashSet<String>(Arrays.asList(value.split(","))) : value;
    } else {
        Set<String> queryValueSet = responseMap.get(key) instanceof Set ? (Set<String>) responseMap.get(key) : new HashSet<String>();
        if (value.contains(",")) {
            queryValueSet.addAll(Arrays.asList(value.split(",")));
        } else {
            queryValueSet.add(value);
        }
        return queryValueSet;
    }
}

只是Java 8版本的更新

public Map<String, List<String>> splitQuery(URL url) {
    if (Strings.isNullOrEmpty(url.getQuery())) {
        return Collections.emptyMap();
    }
    return Arrays.stream(url.getQuery().split("&"))
            .map(this::splitQueryParameter)
            .collect(Collectors.groupingBy(SimpleImmutableEntry::getKey, LinkedHashMap::new, **Collectors**.mapping(Map.Entry::getValue, **Collectors**.toList())));
}

mapping和toList()方法必须用于顶部答案中没有提到的collector。否则它会在IDE中抛出编译错误

org.keycloak.common.util.UriUtils

我不得不在Keycloak扩展中解析uri和查询参数，并发现这个实用工具类非常有用:

org.keycloak.common.util.UriUtils:
static MultivaluedHashMap<String,String> decodeQueryString(String queryString) 

还有一个有用的方法可以删除一个查询参数:

static String   stripQueryParam(String url, String name)

解析URL有 org.keycloak.common.util.KeycloakUriBuilder:

KeycloakUriBuilder  uri(String uriTemplate)
String  getQuery()

还有很多其他的好东西。

在这里回答，因为这是一个流行的线程。这是一个干净的Kotlin解决方案，使用推荐的UrlQuerySanitizer api。请参阅官方文档。我添加了一个字符串构建器来连接和显示参数。

    var myURL: String? = null

    if (intent.hasExtra("my_value")) {
        myURL = intent.extras.getString("my_value")
    } else {
        myURL = intent.dataString
    }

    val sanitizer = UrlQuerySanitizer(myURL)
    // We don't want to manually define every expected query *key*, so we set this to true
    sanitizer.allowUnregisteredParamaters = true
    val parameterNamesToValues: List<UrlQuerySanitizer.ParameterValuePair> = sanitizer.parameterList
    val parameterIterator: Iterator<UrlQuerySanitizer.ParameterValuePair> = parameterNamesToValues.iterator()

    // Helper simply so we can display all values on screen
    val stringBuilder = StringBuilder()

    while (parameterIterator.hasNext()) {
        val parameterValuePair: UrlQuerySanitizer.ParameterValuePair = parameterIterator.next()
        val parameterName: String = parameterValuePair.mParameter
        val parameterValue: String = parameterValuePair.mValue

        // Append string to display all key value pairs
        stringBuilder.append("Key: $parameterName\nValue: $parameterValue\n\n")
    }

    // Set a textView's text to display the string
    val paramListString = stringBuilder.toString()
    val textView: TextView = findViewById(R.id.activity_title) as TextView
    textView.text = "Paramlist is \n\n$paramListString"

    // to check if the url has specific keys
    if (sanitizer.hasParameter("type")) {
        val type = sanitizer.getValue("type")
        println("sanitizer has type param $type")
    }

另外，我建议使用基于正则表达式的URLParser实现

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

class URLParser {
    private final String query;
    
    public URLParser(String query) {
        this.query = query;
    }
    
    public String get(String name) {
        String regex = "(?:^|\\?|&)" + name + "=(.*?)(?:&|$)";
        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex);
        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(this.query);

        if (matcher.find()) {
            return matcher.group(1);
        }
        
        return "";
    }
}

这个类很容易使用。它只需要初始化时的URL或查询字符串，并根据给定的键解析值。

class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        URLParser parser = new URLParser("https://www.google.com/search?q=java+parse+url+params&oq=java+parse+url+params&aqs=chrome..69i57j0i10.18908j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8");
        System.out.println(parser.get("q"));  // java+parse+url+params
        System.out.println(parser.get("sourceid"));  // chrome
        System.out.println(parser.get("ie"));  // UTF-8
    }
}

org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils

是否有一个知名的库可以帮你做到这一点

import org.apache.hc.client5.http.utils.URLEncodedUtils

String url = "http://www.example.com/something.html?one=1&two=2&three=3&three=3a";

List<NameValuePair> params = URLEncodedUtils.parse(new URI(url), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));

for (NameValuePair param : params) {
  System.out.println(param.getName() + " : " + param.getValue());
}

输出

one : 1
two : 2
three : 3
three : 3a