Scikit Learn的train_test_split就是一个很好的例子。它将拆分numpy数组和数据框架。

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split

train, test = train_test_split(df, test_size=0.2)

我将使用scikit-learn自己的training_test_split，并从索引生成它

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split


y = df.pop('output')
X = df

X_train,X_test,y_train,y_test = train_test_split(X.index,y,test_size=0.2)
X.iloc[X_train] # return dataframe train

你也可以考虑分层划分为训练集和测试集。设定划分也随机生成训练集和测试集，但保留了原始的类比例。这使得训练集和测试集更好地反映原始数据集的属性。

import numpy as np  

def get_train_test_inds(y,train_proportion=0.7):
    '''Generates indices, making random stratified split into training set and testing sets
    with proportions train_proportion and (1-train_proportion) of initial sample.
    y is any iterable indicating classes of each observation in the sample.
    Initial proportions of classes inside training and 
    testing sets are preserved (stratified sampling).
    '''

    y=np.array(y)
    train_inds = np.zeros(len(y),dtype=bool)
    test_inds = np.zeros(len(y),dtype=bool)
    values = np.unique(y)
    for value in values:
        value_inds = np.nonzero(y==value)[0]
        np.random.shuffle(value_inds)
        n = int(train_proportion*len(value_inds))

        train_inds[value_inds[:n]]=True
        test_inds[value_inds[n:]]=True

    return train_inds,test_inds

df[train_inds]和df[test_inds]为您提供原始DataFrame df的训练和测试集。

shuffle = np.random.permutation(len(df))
test_size = int(len(df) * 0.2)
test_aux = shuffle[:test_size]
train_aux = shuffle[test_size:]
TRAIN_DF =df.iloc[train_aux]
TEST_DF = df.iloc[test_aux]

我认为你还需要一个副本，而不是一个切片的数据框架，如果你想以后添加列。

msk = np.random.rand(len(df)) < 0.8
train, test = df[msk].copy(deep = True), df[~msk].copy(deep = True)

上面有很多很好的答案，所以我只想再加一个例子，在这种情况下，你想通过使用numpy库来指定火车和测试集的确切样本数量。

# set the random seed for the reproducibility
np.random.seed(17)

# e.g. number of samples for the training set is 1000
n_train = 1000

# shuffle the indexes
shuffled_indexes = np.arange(len(data_df))
np.random.shuffle(shuffled_indexes)

# use 'n_train' samples for training and the rest for testing
train_ids = shuffled_indexes[:n_train]
test_ids = shuffled_indexes[n_train:]

train_data = data_df.iloc[train_ids]
train_labels = labels_df.iloc[train_ids]

test_data = data_df.iloc[test_ids]
test_labels = data_df.iloc[test_ids]