我的个人实践是.bash_profile。我在这里添加路径并附加到Path变量，

GOPATH=/usr/local/go/bin/
MYSQLPATH=/usr/local/opt/mysql@5.6/bin

PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH:$MYSQLPATH

之后，我可以有个人的路径通过echo$ GOPATH, echo$MYSQLPATH或所有通过echo$ Path。

虽然这里的答案并不是“错误的”，但我还要补充一点:永远不要在OS X中改变影响“所有进程”的环境变量，甚至在shell之外，也不要影响给定用户交互运行的所有进程。

In my experience, global changes to environment variables like PATH for all processes are even more likely to break things on OS X than on Windows. Reason being, lots of OS X applications and other software (including, perhaps especially, components of the OS itself) rely on UNIX command-line tools under the hood, and assume the behavior of the versions of these tools provided with the system, and don't necessarily use absolute paths when doing so (similar comments apply to dynamically-loaded libraries and DYLD_* environment variables). Consider, for instance, that the highest-rated answers to various Stack Overflow questions about replacing OS X-supplied versions of interpreters like Python and Ruby generally say "don't do this."

OS X is really no different than other UNIX-like operating systems (e.g., Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris) in this respect; the most likely reason Apple doesn't provide an easy way to do this is because it breaks things. To the extent Windows isn't as prone to these problems, it's due to two things: (1) Windows software doesn't tend to rely on command-line tools to the extent that UNIX software does, and (2) Microsoft has had such an extensive history of both "DLL hell" and security problems caused by changes that affect all processes that they've changed the behavior of dynamic loading in newer Windows versions to limit the impact of "global" configuration options like PATH.

不管“蹩脚”与否，如果您将这些更改限制在较小的范围内，您将拥有一个更加稳定的系统。

我认为OP正在寻找一个简单的，类似windows的解决方案。

给你:

http://www.apple.com/downloads/macosx/system_disk_utilities/environmentvariablepreferencepane.html

这里有一个非常简单的方法来做你想做的事情。在我的例子中，它是让Gradle工作(Android Studio)。

打开终端。 执行如下命令: Sudo nano /etc/paths或Sudo vim /etc/paths 在提示时输入密码。 转到文件底部，输入要添加的路径。 点击Control + X退出。 输入“Y”保存修改后的缓冲区。 打开一个新的终端窗口，然后输入: 回声路径美元

您应该看到新路径被追加到path的末尾。

我从这篇文章中得到了这些细节:

添加到Mac OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion及以上版本的PATH中

更新(2017-08-04)

从macOS 10.12.6 (Sierra)开始，这个方法似乎已经停止在Apache httpd上工作(对于系统和launchctl配置的用户选项)。其他项目似乎没有受到影响。可以想象，这是httpd中的一个bug。

原来的答案

这涉及到OS X 10.10+(特别是10.11+由于无根模式，其中/usr/bin不再可写)。

我在很多地方读到过，使用launchctl setenv PATH <new PATH >来设置PATH变量由于OS X中的一个错误而不起作用(从个人经验来看似乎是正确的)。我发现还有另一种方法可以为非shell启动的应用程序设置PATH:

sudo launchctl config user path <new path>

这个选项记录在launchctl手册页中:

config system | user parameter value Sets persistent configuration information for launchd(8) domains. Only the system domain and user domains may be configured. The location of the persistent storage is an implementation detail, and changes to that storage should only be made through this subcommand. A reboot is required for changes made through this subcommand to take effect. [...] path Sets the PATH environment variable for all services within the target domain to the string value. The string value should conform to the format outlined for the PATH environment variable in environ(7). Note that if a service specifies its own PATH, the service-specific environment variable will take precedence. NOTE: This facility cannot be used to set general environment variables for all services within the domain. It is intentionally scoped to the PATH environment vari- able and nothing else for security reasons.

我已经确认这与从Finder(使用getenv获取PATH)开始的GUI应用程序一起工作。 请注意，您只需要这样做一次，并且更改将在重新启动时保持不变。

$PATH变量也受制于path_helper，它反过来利用/etc/paths文件和/etc/paths.d中的文件

更详细的描述可以在PATH和Leopard(2008-11)的其他环境问题中找到。