这里有很多可以接受的答案，但对于外行来说，有些管道可能有点不透明。下面是一个可以轻松定制的简单示例:

$ cat ~/bin/git/git-update-all
#!/bin/bash
# Update all local branches, checking out each branch in succession.
# Eventually returns to the original branch. Use "-n" for dry-run.
git_update_all() {
  local run br
  br=$(git name-rev --name-only HEAD 2>/dev/null)
  [ "$1" = "-n" ] && shift && run=echo

  for x in $( git branch | cut -c3- ) ; do
     $run git checkout $x && $run git pull --ff-only || return 2
  done

  [ ${#br} -gt 0 ] && $run git checkout "$br"
}

git_update_all "$@"

如果你添加~/bin/git到你的PATH(假设文件是~/bin/git/git-update-all)，你可以运行:

$ git update-all

这个命令会有帮助。

for branch in `git branch | sed 's/\*//g'`; do git checkout $branch && git rebase origin/$branch; done

以上答案都没有考虑存在多个工作树的可能性。使用git update-ref或git branch -f更新当前在其他工作树中签出的分支会产生意想不到的副作用。

考虑一下我处理工作树的解决方案:

#! /usr/bin/env bash
set -euo pipefail

# Read the default remote from config, defaulting to "origin".
DEFAULT_REMOTE=$(git config --default origin --get clone.defaultRemoteName)

# Use first argument as remote name, fallback to default.
REMOTE=${1:-$DEFAULT_REMOTE}

# Resolve the rev that HEAD points at, so that we can give it
# a special treatment.
HEAD_REV=$(git rev-parse HEAD)

# Format that allows us to easily grep for local branches that are behind,
# and have an upstream at $REMOTE.
FORMAT="%(upstream:trackshort)%(upstream:remotename)|%(refname:short)"

# Get a list of revs that are checked out. We don't want to
# update refs that are pointing at them.
set +e
WORKTREE_REVS=$(git worktree list --porcelain | grep -Po "HEAD \K(.+)" | grep -v "$HEAD_REV")
set -e

git fetch $REMOTE

for BRANCH in $(git for-each-ref refs/heads --format="$FORMAT" | grep -Po "<$REMOTE\|\K(.+)")
do
    BRANCH_REV=$(git rev-parse $BRANCH)
    if [ "$BRANCH_REV" = "$HEAD_REV" ]
    then
        # This branch is currently checked out "here". Forward it carefully.
        set +e
        git merge --no-autostash --ff-only $BRANCH@{u}
        set -e
    elif grep -q "$BRANCH_REV" <<< "$WORKTREE_REVS"
    then
        # This branch is currently checked out by another. Leave it alone.
        echo "$BRANCH skipped, because it is checked out in another worktree. Use 'git worktree list' to diagnose."
    else
        # This branch is not checked out. Just update it!
        git update-ref refs/heads/$BRANCH $BRANCH@{u}
        echo "$BRANCH forwarded"
        fi
done

从git 2.9开始:

Git pull -rebase -autostash

参见https://git-scm.com/docs/git-rebase

在行动开始前自动创建一个临时藏匿点， 操作结束后再应用。这意味着你可以跑 基于一个肮脏的工作树。然而，小心使用:最后的收藏 应用程序在成功的重基后可能会导致非平凡 冲突。

不知道这是否可以，但如果我想快进多个分支，我通常会调用

git pull origin master staging production

如果我想推送多个分支，我会调用

git push origin master staging production

但只有当所有提到的分支都不需要任何形式的合并时，两者才有效。

似乎很多人都提供了类似的解决方案，但我想分享一下我的想法，并邀请其他人来贡献。这个解决方案有一个漂亮的彩色输出，优雅地处理您当前的工作目录，并且速度很快，因为它不做任何检出，并巧妙地保留您的工作目录。此外，它只是一个shell脚本，除了git之外没有其他依赖项。(目前只在OSX上测试过)

#!/usr/bin/env bash

gitup(){    
RED='\033[33;31m'
YELLO='\033[33;33m'
GREEN='\033[33;32m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color

HEAD=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
CHANGED=$(git status --porcelain | wc -l)

echo "Fetching..."
git fetch --all --prune &>/dev/null
for branch in `git for-each-ref --format='%(refname:short)' refs/heads`; do

    LOCAL=$(git rev-parse --quiet --verify $branch)
    if [ "$HEAD" = "$LOCAL" ] && [ $CHANGED -gt 0 ]; then
        echo -e "${YELLO}WORKING${NC}\t\t$branch"
    elif git rev-parse --verify --quiet $branch@{u}&>/dev/null; then
        REMOTE=$(git rev-parse --quiet --verify $branch@{u})
        BASE=$(git merge-base $branch $branch@{u})

        if [ "$LOCAL" = "$REMOTE" ]; then
           echo -e "${GREEN}OK${NC}\t\t$branch" 
        elif [ "$LOCAL" = "$BASE" ]; then
            if [ "$HEAD" = "$LOCAL" ]; then
                git merge $REMOTE&>/dev/null
            else
                git branch -f $branch $REMOTE
            fi
            echo -e "${GREEN}UPDATED${NC}\t\t$branch"
        elif [ "$REMOTE" = "$BASE" ]; then
            echo -e "${RED}AHEAD${NC}\t\t$branch"
        else
            echo -e "${RED}DIVERGED${NC}\t\t$branch"
        fi
    else
        echo -e "${RED}NO REMOTE${NC}\t$branch"
    fi
done
}

https://github.com/davestimpert/gitup

对不起，我似乎也想出了与上面其他工具相同的名字。