下面是我最近用Java写的一段代码，它计算并返回从“outOf”元素中“num”元素的所有组合。

// author: Sourabh Bhat (heySourabh@gmail.com)

public class Testing
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {

// Test case num = 5, outOf = 8.

        int num = 5;
        int outOf = 8;
        int[][] combinations = getCombinations(num, outOf);
        for (int i = 0; i < combinations.length; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < combinations[i].length; j++)
            {
                System.out.print(combinations[i][j] + " ");
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
    }

    private static int[][] getCombinations(int num, int outOf)
    {
        int possibilities = get_nCr(outOf, num);
        int[][] combinations = new int[possibilities][num];
        int arrayPointer = 0;

        int[] counter = new int[num];

        for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
        {
            counter[i] = i;
        }
        breakLoop: while (true)
        {
            // Initializing part
            for (int i = 1; i < num; i++)
            {
                if (counter[i] >= outOf - (num - 1 - i))
                    counter[i] = counter[i - 1] + 1;
            }

            // Testing part
            for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
            {
                if (counter[i] < outOf)
                {
                    continue;
                } else
                {
                    break breakLoop;
                }
            }

            // Innermost part
            combinations[arrayPointer] = counter.clone();
            arrayPointer++;

            // Incrementing part
            counter[num - 1]++;
            for (int i = num - 1; i >= 1; i--)
            {
                if (counter[i] >= outOf - (num - 1 - i))
                    counter[i - 1]++;
            }
        }

        return combinations;
    }

    private static int get_nCr(int n, int r)
    {
        if(r > n)
        {
            throw new ArithmeticException("r is greater then n");
        }
        long numerator = 1;
        long denominator = 1;
        for (int i = n; i >= r + 1; i--)
        {
            numerator *= i;
        }
        for (int i = 2; i <= n - r; i++)
        {
            denominator *= i;
        }

        return (int) (numerator / denominator);
    }
}

我可以给出这个问题的递归Python解决方案吗?

def choose_iter(elements, length):
    for i in xrange(len(elements)):
        if length == 1:
            yield (elements[i],)
        else:
            for next in choose_iter(elements[i+1:], length-1):
                yield (elements[i],) + next
def choose(l, k):
    return list(choose_iter(l, k))

使用示例:

>>> len(list(choose_iter("abcdefgh",3)))
56

我喜欢它的简洁。

递归，一个很简单的答案，combo，在Free Pascal中。

    procedure combinata (n, k :integer; producer :oneintproc);

        procedure combo (ndx, nbr, len, lnd :integer);
        begin
            for nbr := nbr to len do begin
                productarray[ndx] := nbr;
                if len < lnd then
                    combo(ndx+1,nbr+1,len+1,lnd)
                else
                    producer(k);
            end;
        end;

    begin
        combo (0, 0, n-k, n-1);
    end;

“producer”处理为每个组合生成的产品数组。

下面是一个coffeescript实现

combinations: (list, n) ->
        permuations = Math.pow(2, list.length) - 1
        out = []
        combinations = []

        while permuations
            out = []

            for i in [0..list.length]
                y = ( 1 << i )
                if( y & permuations and (y isnt permuations))
                    out.push(list[i])

            if out.length <= n and out.length > 0
                combinations.push(out)

            permuations--

        return combinations 

简短的python代码，产生索引位置

def yield_combos(n,k):
    # n is set size, k is combo size

    i = 0
    a = [0]*k

    while i > -1:
        for j in range(i+1, k):
            a[j] = a[j-1]+1
        i=j
        yield a
        while a[i] == i + n - k:
            i -= 1
        a[i] += 1

一个简洁的Javascript解决方案:

Array.prototype.combine=function combine(k){    
    var toCombine=this;
    var last;
    function combi(n,comb){             
        var combs=[];
        for ( var x=0,y=comb.length;x<y;x++){
            for ( var l=0,m=toCombine.length;l<m;l++){      
                combs.push(comb[x]+toCombine[l]);           
            }
        }
        if (n<k-1){
            n++;
            combi(n,combs);
        } else{last=combs;}
    }
    combi(1,toCombine);
    return last;
}
// Example:
// var toCombine=['a','b','c'];
// var results=toCombine.combine(4);