自动布局让我的生活很困难。从理论上讲，当我转换的时候，它会非常有用，但我似乎一直在与它作斗争。
我做了一个演示项目来寻求帮助。有人知道如何使视图之间的空间增加或减少均匀，每当视图调整大小?
下面是三个标签(手动垂直对齐):
我想要的是，当我旋转时，它们均匀地调整间距(而不是视图大小)。默认情况下，顶部和底部视图向中心挤压:
当前回答
对于标签，这至少是可行的:
@“H: | -15 -(第一(第二)= =]-[二(= =第三)](第三(= =))-15 - |
如果第一个和第二个有相同的宽度，第二个和第三个有相同的宽度，第三个和第一个有相同的宽度……你可以做水平(H)和垂直(V)。
其他回答
这里还有另一个答案。我在回答一个类似的问题时看到了这个问题的链接。我没有看到任何与我类似的答案。所以我想写在这里。
class ViewController: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
view.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()
setupViews()
}
var constraints: [NSLayoutConstraint] = []
func setupViews() {
let container1 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 1")
let container2 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 2")
let container3 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 3")
let container4 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 4")
view.addSubview(container1)
view.addSubview(container2)
view.addSubview(container3)
view.addSubview(container4)
[
// left right alignment
container1.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.leftAnchor, constant: 20),
container1.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.rightAnchor, constant: -20),
container2.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.leftAnchor),
container2.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.rightAnchor),
container3.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.leftAnchor),
container3.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.rightAnchor),
container4.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.leftAnchor),
container4.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.rightAnchor),
// place containers one after another vertically
container1.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.topAnchor),
container2.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.bottomAnchor),
container3.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container2.bottomAnchor),
container4.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container3.bottomAnchor),
container4.bottomAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.bottomAnchor),
// container height constraints
container2.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.heightAnchor),
container3.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.heightAnchor),
container4.heightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(container1.heightAnchor)
]
.forEach { $0.active = true }
}
func createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle title: String) -> UIView {
let view = UIView(frame: .zero)
view.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
let button = UIButton(type: .System)
button.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
button.setTitle(title, forState: .Normal)
view.addSubview(button)
[button.centerYAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.centerYAnchor),
button.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.leftAnchor),
button.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.rightAnchor)].forEach { $0.active = true }
return view
}
}
同样，这也可以用iOS9 UIStackViews很容易做到。
class ViewController: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
view.backgroundColor = UIColor.greenColor()
setupViews()
}
var constraints: [NSLayoutConstraint] = []
func setupViews() {
let container1 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 1")
let container2 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 2")
let container3 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 3")
let container4 = createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle: "Button 4")
let stackView = UIStackView(arrangedSubviews: [container1, container2, container3, container4])
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
stackView.axis = .Vertical
stackView.distribution = .FillEqually
view.addSubview(stackView)
[stackView.topAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.topAnchor),
stackView.bottomAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.bottomAnchor),
stackView.leftAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.leftAnchor, constant: 20),
stackView.rightAnchor.constraintEqualToAnchor(view.rightAnchor, constant: -20)].forEach { $0.active = true }
}
func createButtonContainer(withButtonTitle title: String) -> UIView {
let button = UIButton(type: .Custom)
button.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
button.backgroundColor = UIColor.redColor()
button.setTitleColor(UIColor.whiteColor(), forState: .Normal)
button.setTitle(title, forState: .Normal)
let buttonContainer = UIStackView(arrangedSubviews: [button])
buttonContainer.distribution = .EqualCentering
buttonContainer.alignment = .Center
buttonContainer.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
return buttonContainer
}
}
注意，这与上面的方法完全相同。它添加了四个容器视图，这些视图都是均等填充的，每个堆栈视图都添加了一个视图，并在中间对齐。但是，这个版本的UIStackView减少了一些代码，看起来不错。
我做了一个函数可能会有帮助。 用法示例:
[self.view addConstraints: [NSLayoutConstraint fluidConstraintWithItems:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(button1, button2, button3)
asString:@[@"button1", @"button2", @"button3"]
alignAxis:@"V"
verticalMargin:100
horizontalMargin:50
innerMargin:25]];
会导致垂直分布(不好意思没有10个声望来嵌入图像)。如果你改变坐标轴和一些边距值
alignAxis:@"H"
verticalMargin:120
horizontalMargin:20
innerMargin:10
你会得到水平分布。
我是iOS的新手，但是voilà !
EvenDistribution.h
@interface NSLayoutConstraint (EvenDistribution)
/**
* Returns constraints that will cause a set of subviews
* to be evenly distributed along an axis.
*/
+ (NSArray *) fluidConstraintWithItems:(NSDictionary *) views
asString:(NSArray *) stringViews
alignAxis:(NSString *) axis
verticalMargin:(NSUInteger) vMargin
horizontalMargin:(NSUInteger) hMargin
innerMargin:(NSUInteger) inner;
@end
EvenDistribution.m
#import "EvenDistribution.h"
@implementation NSLayoutConstraint (EvenDistribution)
+ (NSArray *) fluidConstraintWithItems:(NSDictionary *) dictViews
asString:(NSArray *) stringViews
alignAxis:(NSString *) axis
verticalMargin:(NSUInteger) vMargin
horizontalMargin:(NSUInteger) hMargin
innerMargin:(NSUInteger) iMargin
{
NSMutableArray *constraints = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity: dictViews.count];
NSMutableString *globalFormat = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"%@:|-%d-",
axis,
[axis isEqualToString:@"V"] ? vMargin : hMargin
];
for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < dictViews.count; i++) {
if (i == 0)
[globalFormat appendString:[NSString stringWithFormat: @"[%@]-%d-", stringViews[i], iMargin]];
else if(i == dictViews.count - 1)
[globalFormat appendString:[NSString stringWithFormat: @"[%@(==%@)]-", stringViews[i], stringViews[i-1]]];
else
[globalFormat appendString:[NSString stringWithFormat: @"[%@(==%@)]-%d-", stringViews[i], stringViews[i-1], iMargin]];
NSString *localFormat = [NSString stringWithFormat: @"%@:|-%d-[%@]-%d-|",
[axis isEqualToString:@"V"] ? @"H" : @"V",
[axis isEqualToString:@"V"] ? hMargin : vMargin,
stringViews[i],
[axis isEqualToString:@"V"] ? hMargin : vMargin];
[constraints addObjectsFromArray:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:localFormat
options:0
metrics:nil
views:dictViews]];
}
[globalFormat appendString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d-|",
[axis isEqualToString:@"V"] ? vMargin : hMargin
]];
[constraints addObjectsFromArray:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:globalFormat
options:0
metrics:nil
views:dictViews]];
return constraints;
}
@end
Swift 3版本
let _redView = UIView()
_redView.backgroundColor = UIColor.red
_redView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
let _yellowView = UIView()
_yellowView.backgroundColor = UIColor.yellow
_yellowView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
let _blueView = UIView()
_blueView.backgroundColor = UIColor.blue
_blueView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
self.view.addSubview(_redView)
self.view.addSubview(_yellowView)
self.view.addSubview(_blueView)
var views = ["_redView": _redView, "_yellowView": _yellowView, "_blueView":_blueView]
var nslayoutConstraint_H = NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "|->=0-[_redView(40)]->=0-[_yellowView(40)]->=0-[_blueView(40)]->=0-|", options: [.alignAllTop, .alignAllBottom], metrics: nil, views: views)
self.view.addConstraints(nslayoutConstraint_H)
var nslayoutConstraint_V = NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "V:[_redView(60)]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions.init(rawValue: 0), metrics: nil, views: views)
self.view.addConstraints(nslayoutConstraint_V)
let constraint_red = NSLayoutConstraint.init(item: self.view, attribute: .centerY, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: _redView, attribute: .centerY, multiplier: 1, constant: 0)
self.view.addConstraint(constraint_red)
let constraint_yellow = NSLayoutConstraint.init(item: self.view, attribute: .centerX, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: _yellowView, attribute: .centerX, multiplier: 1, constant: 0)
self.view.addConstraint(constraint_yellow)
let constraint_yellow1 = NSLayoutConstraint.init(item: _redView, attribute: .centerX, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: _yellowView, attribute: .leading, multiplier: 0.5, constant: 0)
self.view.addConstraint(constraint_yellow1)
let constraint_yellow2 = NSLayoutConstraint.init(item: _blueView, attribute: .centerX, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: _yellowView, attribute: .leading, multiplier: 1.5, constant: 40)
self.view.addConstraint(constraint_yellow2)
迟到的派对，但我有一个工作的解决方案，创建一个菜单水平间距。在NSLayoutConstraint中使用==可以很容易地做到这一点
const float MENU_HEIGHT = 40;
- (UIView*) createMenuWithLabels: (NSArray *) labels
// labels is NSArray of NSString
UIView * backgroundView = [[UIView alloc]init];
backgroundView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false;
NSMutableDictionary * views = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
NSMutableString * format = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString: @"H:|"];
NSString * firstLabelKey;
for(NSString * str in labels)
{
UILabel * label = [[UILabel alloc] init];
label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false;
label.text = str;
label.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
label.textColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
[backgroundView addSubview: label];
[label fixHeightToTopBounds: MENU_HEIGHT-2];
[backgroundView addConstraints: [label fixHeightToTopBounds: MENU_HEIGHT]];
NSString * key = [self camelCaseFromString: str];
[views setObject: label forKey: key];
if(firstLabelKey == nil)
{
[format appendString: [NSString stringWithFormat: @"[%@]", key]];
firstLabelKey = key;
}
else
{
[format appendString: [NSString stringWithFormat: @"[%@(==%@)]", key, firstLabelKey]];
}
}
[format appendString: @"|"];
NSArray * constraints = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat: (NSString *) format
options: 0
metrics: nil
views: (NSDictionary *) views];
[backgroundView addConstraints: constraints];
return backgroundView;
}
我为第一个项目设置了宽度值(>=宽度)和每个项目之间的最小距离(>=距离)。然后我用Ctrl拖动第二个，第三个…项连接项之间的依赖项。
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