Try-catch是用来帮助异常处理的。这意味着它将在某种程度上帮助我们的系统变得更加健壮:尝试从意外事件中恢复。
我们怀疑在执行和指令(发送消息)时可能会发生一些事情，因此它被包含在try中。如果发生了几乎意想不到的事情，我们可以做些什么:我们编写捕获。我不认为我们调用只是为了记录异常。我认为catch块是为了给我们从错误中恢复的机会。
现在，假设我们从错误中恢复，因为我们可以修复错误。如果能再试一次，那就太好了:
try{ some_instruction(); }
catch (NearlyUnexpectedException e){
fix_the_problem();
retry;
}
这将很快陷入永恒循环，但让我们假设fix_the_problem返回true，然后重试。假设在Java中没有这样的东西，你将如何解决这个问题?你认为解决这个问题的最佳设计代码是什么?
这就像一个哲学问题，因为我已经知道Java不直接支持我所要求的内容。
当前回答
下面的代码段执行一些代码段。如果在执行代码段时出现任何错误，请休眠M毫秒并重试。参考链接。
public void retryAndExecuteErrorProneCode(int noOfTimesToRetry, CodeSnippet codeSnippet, int sleepTimeInMillis)
throws InterruptedException {
int currentExecutionCount = 0;
boolean codeExecuted = false;
while (currentExecutionCount < noOfTimesToRetry) {
try {
codeSnippet.errorProneCode();
System.out.println("Code executed successfully!!!!");
codeExecuted = true;
break;
} catch (Exception e) {
// Retry after 100 milliseconds
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(sleepTimeInMillis);
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
} finally {
currentExecutionCount++;
}
}
if (!codeExecuted)
throw new RuntimeException("Can't execute the code within given retries : " + noOfTimesToRetry);
}
其他回答
你需要像这样在while循环中封装try-catch: -
int count = 0;
int maxTries = 3;
while(true) {
try {
// Some Code
// break out of loop, or return, on success
} catch (SomeException e) {
// handle exception
if (++count == maxTries) throw e;
}
}
我已经采取了count和maxTries，以避免运行到一个无限循环，以防异常继续发生在你的try块。
下面是Java 8+的可重用和更通用的方法，不需要外部库:
public interface IUnreliable<T extends Exception>
{
void tryRun ( ) throws T;
}
public static <T extends Exception> void retry (int retryCount, IUnreliable<T> runnable) throws T {
for (int retries = 0;; retries++) {
try {
runnable.tryRun();
return;
} catch (Exception e) {
if (retries < retryCount) {
continue;
} else {
throw e;
}
}
}
}
用法:
@Test
public void demo() throws IOException {
retry(3, () -> {
new File("/tmp/test.txt").createNewFile();
});
}
将@ach之前的解决方案简化为一个文件，并使用功能接口。
public class OperationHelper {
public static void doWithRetry(int maxAttempts, Runnable operation, Consumer<Exception> handle) {
for (int count = 0; count < maxAttempts; count++) {
try {
operation.run();
count = maxAttempts; //don't retry
} catch (Exception e) {
handle.accept(e);
}
}
}
}
生产就绪代码:
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Operation {
void doCall() throws IOException;
default void handleException(Exception e) {
//Your custom default implementation
}
public class OperationHelper {
public static void doWithRetry(int maxAttempts, Operation operation) {
for (int count = 0; count <= maxAttempts; count++) {
try {
operation.doCall();
return;
} catch (Exception e) {
if (count == maxAttempts) {
e.printStackTrace();
return;
} else {
operation.handleException(e);
}
}
}
}
}
在代码中使用默认实现:
OperationHelper.doWithRetry(10,
() -> //do your job );
当需要自定义异常句柄时使用:
OperationHelper.doWithRetry(10, new Operation() {
@Override public void doIt() {
//do some stuff
}
@Override public void handleException(Exception cause) {
//recover from the Exception
}
});
https://onlinegdb.com/a-7RsL1Gh
public void doSomething() throws Exception{
final int MAX_TRIES = 10;
int count = 0;
while(count++ < MAX_TRIES){
try{
System.out.println("trying");
causeIssue(count); // throws error/exception till count 2
System.out.println("trying successful");
break; // break on success
} catch (Exception e){
System.out.println("caught, logging Exception:" + count);
} catch (Error e){
System.out.println("caught, logging Error:" + count);
}
}
}
输出:
trying
caught, logging Error:1
trying
caught, logging Error:2
trying
trying successful
