There is no runtime impact, as compiler automatically replaces the * with concrete class names. If you decompile the .class file, you would never see import ...*. C# always uses * (implicitly) as you can only using package name. You can never specify the class name at all. Java introduces the feature after c#. (Java is so tricky in many aspects but it's beyond this topic). In Intellij Idea when you do "organize imports", it automatically replaces multiple imports of the same package with *. This is a mandantory feature as you can not turn it off (though you can increase the threshold). The case listed by the accepted reply is not valid. Without * you still got the same issue. You need specify the pakcage name in your code no matter you use * or not.

It helps to identify classname conflicts: two classes in different packages that have the same name. This can be masked with the * import. It makes dependencies explicit, so that anyone who has to read your code later knows what you meant to import and what you didn't mean to import. It can make some compilation faster because the compiler doesn't have to search the whole package to identify depdencies, though this is usually not a huge deal with modern compilers. The inconvenient aspects of explicit imports are minimized with modern IDEs. Most IDEs allow you to collapse the import section so it's not in the way, automatically populate imports when needed, and automatically identify unused imports to help clean them up.

我工作过的大多数使用大量Java的地方都将显式导入作为编码标准的一部分。我有时仍然使用*来快速创建原型，然后在产品化代码时展开导入列表(一些ide也会为您这样做)。

在以前的项目中，我发现将*-imports更改为特定的导入可以将编译时间减少一半(从大约10分钟减少到大约5分钟)。*-import使编译器搜索列出的每个包，以查找与您使用的类相匹配的类。虽然这段时间可能很小，但对于大项目来说，它会累积起来。

*-import的一个副作用是开发人员会复制和粘贴常用的导入行，而不是考虑他们需要什么。

它使您的名称空间变得混乱，要求您完全指定任何有歧义的类名。最常见的情况是:

import java.util.*;
import java.awt.*;

...
List blah; // Ambiguous, needs to be qualified.

它还有助于使依赖项具体化，因为所有依赖项都列在文件的顶部。

导入包中的所有类被认为是一种盲目的方法。这样做的一个主要原因是，它会使类名称空间变得混乱，并可能导致具有相同名称的不同包中的类之间发生冲突。

具体地填充必要的类可以避免这个问题，并清楚地显示需要哪些版本。这有利于代码的可维护性。

性能:由于字节码相同，对性能没有影响。 尽管这会导致一些编译开销。

编译:在我的个人机器上，编译一个空白类而不导入任何东西需要100毫秒，但导入java时是同一个类。*占用170毫秒。