Docker容器正在运行一个映像的实例。你可以将图像与程序关联起来，将容器与进程关联起来:)

简而言之:

容器是内核中的一个分区(虚拟)，它共享一个公共操作系统并运行一个镜像(Docker镜像)。

容器是一个自我维持的应用程序，它将包含包和运行代码所需的所有依赖项。

Docker的核心概念是使创建“机器”变得容易，在这种情况下，机器可以被认为是容器。容器有助于重用性，允许您轻松地创建和删除容器。

图像描述了容器在每个时间点上的状态。所以基本的工作流程是:

创建映像 启动容器 对容器进行更改 将容器重新保存为图像

A docker image or a container image in general is a software package which wraps your application executable, dependencies, configurations and application runtime into a secure and immutable unit. When I am saying application executable it differs from application to application. For example if it is a java application it would a jar file, for node application may be a js file. Similarly the application runtime depends on your application itself. For java application it will be JRE, for node application it is node binaries.

您可以根据映像清单文件中提供的说明构建映像。Dockerfile)。构建映像后，可以将其存储在本地或一些容器映像存储库(如hub.docker.com)中。

当您希望将映像作为应用程序工作负载运行时，您可以启动一个需要映像的容器。容器是映像的运行时实例。

要构建一个映像，存储它并将其作为容器运行，你需要一个名为容器运行时的软件，比如Docker。这些容器运行时符合Open container Initiative为映像创建和容器运行提供的标准。

虽然将容器看作一个运行的映像是最简单的，但这并不十分准确。

An image is really a template that can be turned into a container. To turn an image into a container, the Docker engine takes the image, adds a read-write filesystem on top and initialises various settings including network ports, container name, ID and resource limits. A running container has a currently executing process, but a container can also be stopped (or exited in Docker's terminology). An exited container is not the same as an image, as it can be restarted and will retain its settings and any filesystem changes.

An image is like a class and container is like an object that class and so you can have an infinite number of containers behaving like the image. A class is a blueprint which isnt doing anything on its own. You have to create instances of the object un your program to do anything meaningful. And so is the case with an image and a container. You define your image and then create containers running that image. It isnt exactly similar because object is an instance of a class whereas a container is something like an empty hollow place and you use the image to build up a running host with exactly what the image says