首先，阅读原文。

其次，使用dir()函数。

如果你对此感兴趣，可以看看objbrowser。它使用Python标准库中的inspect模块进行下面的对象内省。

尝试ppretty

from ppretty import ppretty


class A(object):
    s = 5

    def __init__(self):
        self._p = 8

    @property
    def foo(self):
        return range(10)


print ppretty(A(), indent='    ', depth=2, width=30, seq_length=6,
              show_protected=True, show_private=False, show_static=True,
              show_properties=True, show_address=True)

输出:

__main__.A at 0x1debd68L (
    _p = 8, 
    foo = [0, 1, 2, ..., 7, 8, 9], 
    s = 5
)

在Python 3.8中，你可以使用__dict__. __dict__来打印对象的内容。例如,

class Person():
   pass

person = Person()

## set attributes
person.first = 'Oyinda'
person.last = 'David'

## to see the content of the object
print(person.__dict__)  

{"first": "Oyinda", "last": "David"}

Python有一组强大的自省特性。

看看下面的内置函数:

(型) dir () (id) getattr () hasattr () globals () locals () callable ()

Type()和dir()分别对于检查对象的类型及其属性集特别有用。

"""Visit http://diveintopython.net/"""

__author__ = "Mark Pilgrim (mark@diveintopython.org)"


def info(object, spacing=10, collapse=1):
    """Print methods and doc strings.

    Takes module, class, list, dictionary, or string."""
    methodList = [e for e in dir(object) if callable(getattr(object, e))]
    processFunc = collapse and (lambda s: " ".join(s.split())) or (lambda s: s)
    print "\n".join(["%s %s" %
                     (method.ljust(spacing),
                      processFunc(str(getattr(object, method).__doc__)))
                     for method in methodList])

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print help.__doc__