我很惊讶居然没人提到帮助!

In [1]: def foo():
   ...:     "foo!"
   ...:

In [2]: help(foo)
Help on function foo in module __main__:

foo()
    foo!

Help让您阅读文档字符串并了解类可能具有的属性，这非常有用。

已经有很多好的提示了，但还没有提到最短和最简单的(不一定是最好的):

object?

If you want to look inside a live object, then python's inspect module is a good answer. In general, it works for getting the source code of functions that are defined in a source file somewhere on disk. If you want to get the source of live functions and lambdas that were defined in the interpreter, you can use dill.source.getsource from dill. It also can get the code for from bound or unbound class methods and functions defined in curries... however, you might not be able to compile that code without the enclosing object's code.

>>> from dill.source import getsource
>>> 
>>> def add(x,y):
...   return x+y
... 
>>> squared = lambda x:x**2
>>> 
>>> print getsource(add)
def add(x,y):
  return x+y

>>> print getsource(squared)
squared = lambda x:x**2

>>> 
>>> class Foo(object):
...   def bar(self, x):
...     return x*x+x
... 
>>> f = Foo()
>>> 
>>> print getsource(f.bar)
def bar(self, x):
    return x*x+x

>>> 

此外，如果您想查看列表和字典内部，可以使用pprint()

尝试使用:

print(object.stringify())

其中object是要检查的对象的变量名。

这将打印出格式化良好的选项卡输出，显示对象中所有键和值的层次结构。

注意:这在python3中有效。不确定它是否适用于早期版本

更新:这并不适用于所有类型的对象。如果你遇到了这些类型之一(比如Request对象)，请使用以下类型之一:

dir(对象)

or

进口pprint 然后: pprint.pprint (object.__dict__)

Pprint和dir一起工作效果很好