对于node.js和使用https://github.com/feross/buffer的浏览器

function ab2str(buf: Uint8Array) {
  return Buffer.from(buf).toString('base64');
}
function str2ab(str: string) {
  return new Uint8Array(Buffer.from(str, 'base64'))
}

注意:这里的解决方案对我不起作用。我需要支持node.js和浏览器，只是序列化UInt8Array到一个字符串。我可以将它序列化为一个数字[]，但这会占用不必要的空间。有了这个解决方案，我不需要担心编码，因为它是base64。以防其他人也有同样的问题……我的意见

尽管Dennis和gengkev使用Blob/FileReader的解决方案有效，但我不建议采用这种方法。这是一种解决简单问题的异步方法，比直接解决方案要慢得多。我在html5rocks上发布了一个更简单(更快)的解决方案: http://updates.html5rocks.com/2012/06/How-to-convert-ArrayBuffer-to-and-from-String

解决方案是:

function ab2str(buf) {
  return String.fromCharCode.apply(null, new Uint16Array(buf));
}

function str2ab(str) {
  var buf = new ArrayBuffer(str.length*2); // 2 bytes for each char
  var bufView = new Uint16Array(buf);
  for (var i=0, strLen=str.length; i<strLen; i++) {
    bufView[i] = str.charCodeAt(i);
  }
  return buf;
}

编辑:

Encoding API帮助解决字符串转换问题。请查看Jeff Posnik在Html5Rocks.com上对上述原创文章的回复。

摘录:

Encoding API使原始字节和原生JavaScript字符串之间的转换变得简单，而不考虑需要使用的许多标准编码中的哪一种。

<pre id="results"></pre>

<script>
  if ('TextDecoder' in window) {
    // The local files to be fetched, mapped to the encoding that they're using.
    var filesToEncoding = {
      'utf8.bin': 'utf-8',
      'utf16le.bin': 'utf-16le',
      'macintosh.bin': 'macintosh'
    };

    Object.keys(filesToEncoding).forEach(function(file) {
      fetchAndDecode(file, filesToEncoding[file]);
    });
  } else {
    document.querySelector('#results').textContent = 'Your browser does not support the Encoding API.'
  }

  // Use XHR to fetch `file` and interpret its contents as being encoded with `encoding`.
  function fetchAndDecode(file, encoding) {
    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    xhr.open('GET', file);
    // Using 'arraybuffer' as the responseType ensures that the raw data is returned,
    // rather than letting XMLHttpRequest decode the data first.
    xhr.responseType = 'arraybuffer';
    xhr.onload = function() {
      if (this.status == 200) {
        // The decode() method takes a DataView as a parameter, which is a wrapper on top of the ArrayBuffer.
        var dataView = new DataView(this.response);
        // The TextDecoder interface is documented at http://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-textdecoder
        var decoder = new TextDecoder(encoding);
        var decodedString = decoder.decode(dataView);
        // Add the decoded file's text to the <pre> element on the page.
        document.querySelector('#results').textContent += decodedString + '\n';
      } else {
        console.error('Error while requesting', file, this);
      }
    };
    xhr.send();
  }
</script>

对我来说，这很有效。

  static async hash(message) {
    const data = new TextEncoder().encode(message);
    const hashBuffer = await crypto.subtle.digest('SHA-256', data)
    const hashArray = Array.from(new Uint8Array(hashBuffer))
    const hashHex = hashArray.map((b) => b.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')).join('')
    return hashHex
  }

Just

const buffer = thisReturnsBuffers();

const blob = new Blob([buffer], {type: 'text/plain; charset=utf-8'});

blob.text().then(text => console.log(text));

Or

const stringVal = "string here";

const blob = new Blob([stringVal], {type: 'text/plain; charset=utf-8'});

blob.arrayBuffer().then(buffer => console.log(buffer));

你们为什么要把事情搞得这么复杂?

atob()返回的“本机”二进制字符串是一个每个字符1字节的数组。

所以我们不应该在一个字符中存储2个字节。

var arrayBufferToString = function(buffer) {
  return String.fromCharCode.apply(null, new Uint8Array(buffer));
}

var stringToArrayBuffer = function(str) {
  return (new Uint8Array([].map.call(str,function(x){return x.charCodeAt(0)}))).buffer;
}

基于gengkev的回答，我创建了两种方法的函数，因为BlobBuilder可以处理String和ArrayBuffer:

function string2ArrayBuffer(string, callback) {
    var bb = new BlobBuilder();
    bb.append(string);
    var f = new FileReader();
    f.onload = function(e) {
        callback(e.target.result);
    }
    f.readAsArrayBuffer(bb.getBlob());
}

and

function arrayBuffer2String(buf, callback) {
    var bb = new BlobBuilder();
    bb.append(buf);
    var f = new FileReader();
    f.onload = function(e) {
        callback(e.target.result)
    }
    f.readAsText(bb.getBlob());
}

一个简单的测试:

string2ArrayBuffer("abc",
    function (buf) {
        var uInt8 = new Uint8Array(buf);
        console.log(uInt8); // Returns `Uint8Array { 0=97, 1=98, 2=99}`

        arrayBuffer2String(buf, 
            function (string) {
                console.log(string); // returns "abc"
            }
        )
    }
)