Alec的回答很好，但在存在多层嵌套的情况下行不通。下面是一个支持多层嵌套的修改版本。如果嵌套对象已经指定了自己的键(例如Firebase Analytics / BigTable / BigQuery数据)，它也会使头名称更好一些:

"""Converts JSON with nested fields into a flattened CSV file.
"""

import sys
import json
import csv
import os

import jsonlines

from orderedset import OrderedSet

# from https://stackoverflow.com/a/28246154/473201
def flattenjson( b, prefix='', delim='/', val=None ):
  if val is None:
    val = {}

  if isinstance( b, dict ):
    for j in b.keys():
      flattenjson(b[j], prefix + delim + j, delim, val)
  elif isinstance( b, list ):
    get = b
    for j in range(len(get)):
      key = str(j)

      # If the nested data contains its own key, use that as the header instead.
      if isinstance( get[j], dict ):
        if 'key' in get[j]:
          key = get[j]['key']

      flattenjson(get[j], prefix + delim + key, delim, val)
  else:
    val[prefix] = b

  return val

def main(argv):
  if len(argv) < 2:
    raise Error('Please specify a JSON file to parse')

  print "Loading and Flattening..."
  filename = argv[1]
  allRows = []
  fieldnames = OrderedSet()
  with jsonlines.open(filename) as reader:
    for obj in reader:
      # print 'orig:\n'
      # print obj
      flattened = flattenjson(obj)
      #print 'keys: %s' % flattened.keys()
      # print 'flattened:\n'
      # print flattened
      fieldnames.update(flattened.keys())
      allRows.append(flattened)

  print "Exporting to CSV..."
  outfilename = filename + '.csv'
  count = 0
  with open(outfilename, 'w') as file:
    csvwriter = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames=fieldnames)
    csvwriter.writeheader()
    for obj in allRows:
      # print 'allRows:\n'
      # print obj
      csvwriter.writerow(obj)
      count += 1

  print "Wrote %d rows" % count



if __name__ == '__main__':
  main(sys.argv)

正如在前面的回答中提到的，将json转换为csv的困难在于json文件可以包含嵌套字典，因此是多维数据结构，而csv是2D数据结构。但是，将多维结构转换为csv的一个好方法是使用多个主键连接在一起的csv。

在你的例子中，第一个csv输出的列是“pk”，“model”，“fields”。“pk”和“model”的值很容易获得，但因为“fields”列包含一个字典，它应该是它自己的csv，因为“codename”似乎是主键，你可以使用作为“fields”的输入来完成第一个csv。第二个csv包含来自“fields”列的字典，以codename作为主键，可用于将两个csv绑定在一起。

这是一个解决方案，为您的json文件转换嵌套字典2 csv。

import csv
import json

def readAndWrite(inputFileName, primaryKey=""):
    input = open(inputFileName+".json")
    data = json.load(input)
    input.close()

    header = set()

    if primaryKey != "":
        outputFileName = inputFileName+"-"+primaryKey
        if inputFileName == "data":
            for i in data:
                for j in i["fields"].keys():
                    if j not in header:
                        header.add(j)
    else:
        outputFileName = inputFileName
        for i in data:
            for j in i.keys():
                if j not in header:
                    header.add(j)

    with open(outputFileName+".csv", 'wb') as output_file:
        fieldnames = list(header)
        writer = csv.DictWriter(output_file, fieldnames, delimiter=',', quotechar='"')
        writer.writeheader()
        for x in data:
            row_value = {}
            if primaryKey == "":
                for y in x.keys():
                    yValue = x.get(y)
                    if type(yValue) == int or type(yValue) == bool or type(yValue) == float or type(yValue) == list:
                        row_value[y] = str(yValue).encode('utf8')
                    elif type(yValue) != dict:
                        row_value[y] = yValue.encode('utf8')
                    else:
                        if inputFileName == "data":
                            row_value[y] = yValue["codename"].encode('utf8')
                            readAndWrite(inputFileName, primaryKey="codename")
                writer.writerow(row_value)
            elif primaryKey == "codename":
                for y in x["fields"].keys():
                    yValue = x["fields"].get(y)
                    if type(yValue) == int or type(yValue) == bool or type(yValue) == float or type(yValue) == list:
                        row_value[y] = str(yValue).encode('utf8')
                    elif type(yValue) != dict:
                        row_value[y] = yValue.encode('utf8')
                writer.writerow(row_value)

readAndWrite("data")

我假设您的JSON文件将解码为字典列表。首先，我们需要一个将JSON对象扁平化的函数:

def flattenjson(b, delim):
    val = {}
    for i in b.keys():
        if isinstance(b[i], dict):
            get = flattenjson(b[i], delim)
            for j in get.keys():
                val[i + delim + j] = get[j]
        else:
            val[i] = b[i]
            
    return val

在JSON对象上运行这段代码的结果:

flattenjson({
    "pk": 22, 
    "model": "auth.permission", 
    "fields": {
      "codename": "add_message", 
      "name": "Can add message", 
      "content_type": 8
    }
  }, "__")

is

{
    "pk": 22, 
    "model": "auth.permission", 
    "fields__codename": "add_message", 
    "fields__name": "Can add message", 
    "fields__content_type": 8
}

对JSON对象输入数组中的每个dict应用此函数后:

input = map(lambda x: flattenjson( x, "__" ), input)

并查找相关的列名:

columns = [x for row in input for x in row.keys()]
columns = list(set(columns))

在CSV模块中运行这个并不难:

with open(fname, 'wb') as out_file:
    csv_w = csv.writer(out_file)
    csv_w.writerow(columns)

    for i_r in input:
        csv_w.writerow(map(lambda x: i_r.get(x, ""), columns))

这工作得相对较好。 它将json压缩成csv文件。 嵌套元素被管理:)

这是python 3的

import json

o = json.loads('your json string') # Be careful, o must be a list, each of its objects will make a line of the csv.

def flatten(o, k='/'):
    global l, c_line
    if isinstance(o, dict):
        for key, value in o.items():
            flatten(value, k + '/' + key)
    elif isinstance(o, list):
        for ov in o:
            flatten(ov, '')
    elif isinstance(o, str):
        o = o.replace('\r',' ').replace('\n',' ').replace(';', ',')
        if not k in l:
            l[k]={}
        l[k][c_line]=o

def render_csv(l):
    ftime = True

    for i in range(100): #len(l[list(l.keys())[0]])
        for k in l:
            if ftime :
                print('%s;' % k, end='')
                continue
            v = l[k]
            try:
                print('%s;' % v[i], end='')
            except:
                print(';', end='')
        print()
        ftime = False
        i = 0

def json_to_csv(object_list):
    global l, c_line
    l = {}
    c_line = 0
    for ov in object_list : # Assumes json is a list of objects
        flatten(ov)
        c_line += 1
    render_csv(l)

json_to_csv(o)

享受。

此代码适用于任何给定的json文件

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Mon Jun 17 20:35:35 2019
author: Ram
"""

import json
import csv

with open("file1.json") as file:
    data = json.load(file)



# create the csv writer object
pt_data1 = open('pt_data1.csv', 'w')
csvwriter = csv.writer(pt_data1)

count = 0

for pt in data:

      if count == 0:

             header = pt.keys()

             csvwriter.writerow(header)

             count += 1

      csvwriter.writerow(pt.values())

pt_data1.close()

修改了Alec McGail的答案，以支持包含列表的JSON

    def flattenjson(self, mp, delim="|"):
            ret = []
            if isinstance(mp, dict):
                    for k in mp.keys():
                            csvs = self.flattenjson(mp[k], delim)
                            for csv in csvs:
                                    ret.append(k + delim + csv)
            elif isinstance(mp, list):
                    for k in mp:
                            csvs = self.flattenjson(k, delim)
                            for csv in csvs:
                                    ret.append(csv)
            else:
                    ret.append(mp)

            return ret

谢谢!