你可以使用仿真——你可以在图表上拖放微控制器，然后在Eclipse中运行你的代码。网站上的文档会告诉你如何设置。

We are using Arduino boards for data acquisition in a large scientific experiment. Subsequently, we have to support several Arduino boards with different implementations. I wrote Python utilities to dynamically load Arduino hex images during unit testing. The code found on the link below supports Windows and Mac OS X via a configuration file. To find out where your hex images are placed by the Arduino IDE, hit the shift key before you hit the build (play) button. Hit the shift key while hitting upload to find out where your avrdude (command line upload utility) is located on your system / version of Arduino. Alternatively, you can look at the included configuration files and use your install location (currently on Arduino 0020).

http://github.com/toddstavish/Python-Arduino-Unit-Testing

使用带有Arduino库的Proteus VSM来调试代码或测试它。

这是在将代码安装到板上之前的最佳实践，但要确保计时，因为模拟不会在板上运行时实时运行。

你可以在我的项目PySimAVR中使用Python进行单元测试。Arscons用于构建，simavr用于模拟。

例子:

from pysimavr.sim import ArduinoSim    
def test_atmega88():
    mcu = 'atmega88'
    snippet = 'Serial.print("hello");'

    output = ArduinoSim(snippet=snippet, mcu=mcu, timespan=0.01).get_serial()
    assert output == 'hello'

开始测试:

$ nosetests pysimavr/examples/test_example.py
pysimavr.examples.test_example.test_atmega88 ... ok

如果您有兴趣运行INO草图并检查串行输出，我在我的Arduino NMEA校验和项目中有一个工作实现。

下面的脚本获取该文件，并使用Arduino CLI将其编译为HEX文件，然后加载到SimAVR中，SimAVR对其进行计算并打印串行输出。由于所有Arduino程序都永远运行，没有真正杀死自己的选项(exit(0)不起作用)，我让草图运行几秒钟，然后将捕获的输出与预期的输出进行区分。

下载并提取Arduino CLI(在本例中，版本为0.5.0 -撰写本文时的最新版本):

curl -L https://github.com/arduino/arduino-cli/releases/download/0.5.0/arduino-cli_0.5.0_Linux_64bit.tar.gz -o arduino-cli.tar.gz
tar -xvzf arduino-cli.tar.gz

现在你可以更新索引并安装相应的核心:

./arduino-cli core update-index
./arduino-cli core install arduino:avr

假设你的草图名为nmea-checksum。ino，获取ELF和HEX，运行:

./arduino-cli compile -b arduino:avr:uno nmea-checksum.ino

接下来，SimAVR运行HEX(或ELF) -我从源代码构建，因为最新版本不适合我:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential libelf-dev avr-libc gcc-avr freeglut3-dev libncurses5-dev pkg-config
git clone https://github.com/buserror/simavr.git
cd simavr
make

成功的编译将为您提供simavr/run_avr，您可以使用它来运行草图。就像我说的，暂停它，否则它永远不会终止:

cd simavr
timeout 10 ./run_avr -m atmega168 -f 16000000 ../../nmea-checksum.ino.arduino.avr.uno.elf &> nmea-checksum.ino.clog || true

生成的文件将有ANSI颜色代码控制字符包装串行输出，以摆脱这些:

cat nmea-checksum.ino.clog | sed -r "s/\x1B\[([0-9]{1,2}(;[0-9]{1,2})?)?[mGK]//g" > nmea-checksum.ino.log
cat nmea-checksum.ino.log

现在你所需要做的就是将这个文件与一个已知的好文件进行比较:

diff nmea-checksum.ino.log ../../nmea-checksum.ino.test

如果没有差异，diff将以代码0退出，否则脚本将失败。

该程序允许自动运行几个Arduino单元测试。测试过程在PC上启动，但测试在实际的Arduino硬件上运行。一组单元测试通常用于测试一个Arduino库。 (这

Arduino论坛:http://arduino.cc/forum/index.php?topic=140027.0

GitHub项目页面:http://jeroendoggen.github.com/Arduino-TestSuite

Python包索引中的页面:http://pypi.python.org/pypi/arduino_testsuite

单元测试是用“Arduino单元测试库”编写的:http://code.google.com/p/arduinounit

对每组单元测试执行以下步骤:

Read the config file to find out which tests to run The script compiles and uploads an Arduino sketch that contains the unit testing code. The unit tests are run on the Arduino board. The results of the test are printed over the serial port and analyzed by the Python script. The script starts the next test, repeating the above steps for all test that are requested in the configuration file. The script prints a summary showing an overview of all the failed/passed tests in the complete testsuite.