如果我有对象的引用:

var test = {};

可能(但不是立即)具有嵌套对象,例如:

{level1: {level2: {level3: "level3"}}};

检查深度嵌套对象中是否存在属性的最佳方法是什么?

警报(测试级别1);生成未定义,但警告(test.level1.level2.level3);失败。

我目前正在做这样的事情:

if(test.level1 && test.level1.level2 && test.level1.level2.level3) {
    alert(test.level1.level2.level3);
}

但我想知道是否有更好的方法。


当前回答

这个功能怎么样?它不需要单独列出每个嵌套属性,而是保持“dot”语法(尽管是字符串),使其更具可读性。如果未找到属性,则返回undefined或指定的默认值,如果找到,则返回属性的值。

val(obj, element, default_value)
    // Recursively checks whether a property of an object exists. Supports multiple-level nested properties separated with '.' characters.
    // obj = the object to test
    // element = (string or array) the name of the element to test for.  To test for a multi-level nested property, separate properties with '.' characters or pass as array)
    // default_value = optional default value to return if the item is not found. Returns undefined if no default_value is specified.
    // Returns the element if it exists, or undefined or optional default_value if not found.
    // Examples: val(obj1, 'prop1.subprop1.subsubprop2');
    // val(obj2, 'p.r.o.p', 'default_value');
    {

        // If no element is being requested, return obj. (ends recursion - exists)
        if (!element || element.length == 0) { return obj; }

        // if the element isn't an object, then it can't have properties. (ends recursion - does not exist)
        if (typeof obj != 'object') { return default_value; }

        // Convert element to array.
        if (typeof element == 'string') { element = element.split('.') };   // Split on dot (.)

        // Recurse into the list of nested properties:
        let first = element.shift();
        return val(obj[first], element, default_value);

    }

其他回答

这是我使用的一个小助手函数,对我来说,它非常简单明了。希望这对一些人有帮助:)。

static issetFromIndices(param, indices, throwException = false) {
    var temp = param;

    try {
        if (!param) {
            throw "Parameter is null.";
        }

        if(!Array.isArray(indices)) {
            throw "Indices parameter must be an array.";
        }

        for (var i = 0; i < indices.length; i++) {
            var index = indices[i];
            if (typeof temp[index] === "undefined") {
                throw "'" + index + "' index is undefined.";
            }


            temp = temp[index];
        }
    } catch (e) {
        if (throwException) {
            throw new Error(e);
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    return temp;
}

var person = {
    hobbies: {
        guitar: {
            type: "electric"
        }
    }
};

var indices = ["hobbies", "guitar", "type"];
var throwException = true;

try {
    var hobbyGuitarType = issetFromIndices(person, indices, throwException);
    console.log("Yay, found index: " + hobbyGuitarType);
} catch(e) {
    console.log(e);
}

我认为这是一个轻微的改进(变成了一行):

   alert( test.level1 && test.level1.level2 && test.level1.level2.level3 )

这之所以有效,是因为&&运算符返回其计算的最终操作数(并且短路)。

我在寻找属性存在时返回的值,所以我通过上面的CMS修改了答案。下面是我想到的:

函数getNestedProperty(obj,key){//从键字符串获取属性数组var财产=key.split(“.”);//遍历财产,如果对象为空或属性不存在,则返回未定义的对于(var i=0;i<属性.length;i++){if(!obj||!obj.hasOwnProperty(财产[i])){回来}obj=obj[财产[i]];}//找到嵌套属性,因此返回值返回obj;}用法:getNestedProperty(测试,“level.level2.level3”)//“level3”getNestedProperty(测试,“level.level2.foo”)//未定义

//Just in case is not supported or not included by your framework
//***************************************************
Array.prototype.some = function(fn, thisObj) {
  var scope = thisObj || window;
  for ( var i=0, j=this.length; i < j; ++i ) {
    if ( fn.call(scope, this[i], i, this) ) {
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
};
//****************************************************

function isSet (object, string) {
  if (!object) return false;
  var childs = string.split('.');
  if (childs.length > 0 ) {
    return !childs.some(function (item) {
      if (item in object) {
        object = object[item]; 
        return false;
      } else return true;
    });
  } else if (string in object) { 
    return true;
  } else return false;
}

var object = {
  data: {
    item: {
      sub_item: {
        bla: {
          here : {
            iam: true
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
};

console.log(isSet(object,'data.item')); // true
console.log(isSet(object,'x')); // false
console.log(isSet(object,'data.sub_item')); // false
console.log(isSet(object,'data.item')); // true
console.log(isSet(object,'data.item.sub_item.bla.here.iam')); // true

一个简短的ES5版本@CMS的优秀答案:

// Check the obj has the keys in the order mentioned. Used for checking JSON results.  
var checkObjHasKeys = function(obj, keys) {
  var success = true;
  keys.forEach( function(key) {
    if ( ! obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
      success = false;
    }
    obj = obj[key];
  })
  return success;
}

通过类似测试:

var test = { level1:{level2:{level3:'result'}}};
utils.checkObjHasKeys(test, ['level1', 'level2', 'level3']); // true
utils.checkObjHasKeys(test, ['level1', 'level2', 'foo']); // false