我有一个base64编码的二进制数据字符串:
const contentType = 'image/png';
const b64Data = 'iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAUAAAAFCAYAAACNbyblAAAAHElEQVQI12P4//8/w38GIAXDIBKE0DHxgljNBAAO9TXL0Y4OHwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==';
我想创建一个包含此数据的blob: URL,并将其显示给用户:
const blob = new Blob(????, {type: contentType});
const blobUrl = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
window.location = blobUrl;
我一直没能弄清楚如何创建BLOB。
在某些情况下,我可以通过使用data: URL来避免这种情况:
const dataUrl = `data:${contentType};base64,${b64Data}`;
window.location = dataUrl;
然而,在大多数情况下,数据:url非常大。
我如何解码一个Base64字符串到一个BLOB对象在JavaScript?
我将发布一种更声明性的同步Base64转换方式。虽然async fetch().blob()非常整洁,我非常喜欢这个解决方案,但它在Internet Explorer 11(可能还有Edge -我还没有测试过这个)上不起作用,即使是在polyfill上-看看我对Endless的帖子的评论,了解更多细节。
const blobPdfFromBase64String = base64String => {
const byteArray = Uint8Array.from(
atob(base64String)
.split('')
.map(char => char.charCodeAt(0))
);
return new Blob([byteArray], { type: 'application/pdf' });
};
奖金
如果你想打印它,你可以这样做:
const isIE11 = !!(window.navigator && window.navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob); // Or however you want to check it
const printPDF = blob => {
try {
isIE11
? window.navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob(blob, 'documents.pdf')
: printJS(URL.createObjectURL(blob)); // http://printjs.crabbly.com/
} catch (e) {
throw PDFError;
}
};
奖金x 2 -打开一个BLOB文件在新选项卡为Internet Explorer 11
如果你能够在服务器上对Base64字符串做一些预处理,你可以在一些URL下公开它,并使用printJS中的链接:)
两种不同的变化
function base64ToBlob(base64, contentType='image/png', chunkLength=512) {
const byteCharsArray = Array.from(atob(base64.substr(base64.indexOf(',') + 1)));
const chunksIterator = new Array(Math.ceil(byteCharsArray.length / chunkLength));
const bytesArrays = [];
for (let c = 0; c < chunksIterator.length; c++) {
bytesArrays.push(new Uint8Array(byteCharsArray.slice(c * chunkLength, chunkLength * (c + 1)).map(s => s.charCodeAt(0))));
}
const blob = new Blob(bytesArrays, {type: contentType});
return blob;
}
/* Not sure how it performs with big images */
async function base64ToBlobLight(base64) { return await fetch(base64).then(res => res.blob()); }
/* Test */
const base64Data = 'data:image/png;base64,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';
const blob = base64ToBlob(base64Data);
const blobUrl = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
const img = document.createElement('img');
img.src = blobUrl;
document.body.appendChild(img);
/**********************/
/* Test */
(async () => {
const blob = await base64ToBlobLight(base64Data);
const blobUrl = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
const img = document.createElement('img');
img.src = blobUrl;
document.body.appendChild(img);
})();
对于图像数据,我发现使用canvas更简单。toBlob(异步)
function b64toBlob(b64, onsuccess, onerror) {
var img = new Image();
img.onerror = onerror;
img.onload = function onload() {
var canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
canvas.width = img.width;
canvas.height = img.height;
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
canvas.toBlob(onsuccess);
};
img.src = b64;
}
var base64Data = 'data:image/jpg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQA...';
b64toBlob(base64Data,
function(blob) {
var url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
// do something with url
}, function(error) {
// handle error
});