我只是遇到了这个问题，我的通用解决方案使用迭代器:

from typing import TypeVar, Iterable
E = TypeVar('E')

def metait(i: Iterable[E]) -> Iterable[tuple[E, bool, bool]]:

    first = True
    previous = None
    for elem in i:
        if previous:
            yield previous, first, False
            first = False
        previous = elem

    if previous:
        yield previous, first, True

您将收到一个元组，其中包含第一项和最后一项的原始元素和标志。它可以用于每个可迭代对象:

d = {'a': (1,2,3), 'b': (4,5,6), 'c': (7,8,9)}

for (k,v), is_first, is_last in metait(d.items()):
    print(f'{k}: {v}  {is_first} {is_last}')

这将给你:

a: (1, 2, 3)  True False
b: (4, 5, 6)  False False
c: (7, 8, 9)  False True

使用切片和is检查最后一个元素:

for data in data_list:
    <code_that_is_done_for_every_element>
    if not data is data_list[-1]:
        <code_that_is_done_between_elements>

买者自负:这只在列表中的所有元素实际上都不同的情况下才有效(在内存中有不同的位置)。实际上，Python可以检测相同的元素并为它们重用相同的对象。例如，对于具有相同值和普通整数的字符串。

数一次项目，并跟上剩余项目的数量:

remaining = len(data_list)
for data in data_list:
    code_that_is_done_for_every_element

    remaining -= 1
    if remaining:
        code_that_is_done_between_elements

这种方法只计算一次列表的长度。本页上的许多解决方案似乎都假定长度是预先不可用的，但这不是您的问题的一部分。如果你有长度，就用它。

如果项目是唯一的:

for x in list:
    #code
    if x == list[-1]:
        #code

其他选项:

pos = -1
for x in list:
    pos += 1
    #code
    if pos == len(list) - 1:
        #code


for x in list:
    #code
#code - e.g. print x


if len(list) > 0:
    for x in list[:-1]:
        #process everything except the last element
    for x in list[-1:]:
        #process only last element

如果你正在浏览这个列表，这对我来说也是有效的:

for j in range(0, len(Array)):
    if len(Array) - j > 1:
        notLast()

假设input是一个迭代器，下面是使用itertools中的tee和izip的方法:

from itertools import tee, izip
items, between = tee(input_iterator, 2)  # Input must be an iterator.
first = items.next()
do_to_every_item(first)  # All "do to every" operations done to first item go here.
for i, b in izip(items, between):
    do_between_items(b)  # All "between" operations go here.
    do_to_every_item(i)  # All "do to every" operations go here.

演示:

>>> def do_every(x): print "E", x
...
>>> def do_between(x): print "B", x
...
>>> test_input = iter(range(5))
>>>
>>> from itertools import tee, izip
>>>
>>> items, between = tee(test_input, 2)
>>> first = items.next()
>>> do_every(first)
E 0
>>> for i,b in izip(items, between):
...     do_between(b)
...     do_every(i)
...
B 0
E 1
B 1
E 2
B 2
E 3
B 3
E 4
>>>