是否有办法在bash上比较这些字符串,例如:2.4.5和2.8和2.4.5.1?
当前回答
另一种方法(@joynes的修改版本)比较问题中问到的虚线版本 (即“1.2”、“2.3.4”、“1.0”、“1.10.1”等)。 最大数量的位置必须事先知道。该方法期望最多3个版本位置。
expr $(printf "$1\n$2" | sort -t '.' -k 1,1 -k 2,2 -k 3,3 -g | sed -n 2p) != $2
使用示例:
expr $(printf "1.10.1\n1.7" | sort -t '.' -k 1,1 -k 2,2 -k 3,3 -g | sed -n 2p) != "1.7"
返回:1,因为1.10.1大于1.7
expr $(printf "1.10.1\n1.11" | sort -t '.' -k 1,1 -k 2,2 -k 3,3 -g | sed -n 2p) != "1.11"
返回:0,因为1.10.1比1.11低
其他回答
### the answer is does we second argument is higher
function _ver_higher {
ver=`echo -ne "$1\n$2" |sort -Vr |head -n1`
if [ "$2" == "$1" ]; then
return 1
elif [ "$2" == "$ver" ]; then
return 0
else
return 1
fi
}
if _ver_higher $1 $2; then
echo higher
else
echo same or less
fi
它非常简单和小。
这在版本中最多为4个字段。
$ function ver { printf "%03d%03d%03d%03d" $(echo "$1" | tr '.' ' '); }
$ [ $(ver 10.9) -lt $(ver 10.10) ] && echo hello
hello
下面是对顶部答案(Dennis的)的改进,它更简洁,并使用了不同的返回值方案,以便通过单个比较轻松实现<=和>=。它还比较不是[0-9]的第一个字符之后的所有内容。]因此1.0rc1 < 1.0rc2。
# Compares two tuple-based, dot-delimited version numbers a and b (possibly
# with arbitrary string suffixes). Returns:
# 1 if a<b
# 2 if equal
# 3 if a>b
# Everything after the first character not in [0-9.] is compared
# lexicographically using ASCII ordering if the tuple-based versions are equal.
compare_versions() {
if [[ $1 == "$2" ]]; then
return 2
fi
local IFS=.
local i a=(${1%%[^0-9.]*}) b=(${2%%[^0-9.]*})
local arem=${1#${1%%[^0-9.]*}} brem=${2#${2%%[^0-9.]*}}
for ((i=0; i<${#a[@]} || i<${#b[@]}; i++)); do
if ((10#${a[i]:-0} < 10#${b[i]:-0})); then
return 1
elif ((10#${a[i]:-0} > 10#${b[i]:-0})); then
return 3
fi
done
if [ "$arem" '<' "$brem" ]; then
return 1
elif [ "$arem" '>' "$brem" ]; then
return 3
fi
return 2
}
为了解决@gammazero的评论,一个(我认为)与语义版本兼容的更长的版本是:
# Compares two dot-delimited decimal-element version numbers a and b that may
# also have arbitrary string suffixes. Compatible with semantic versioning, but
# not as strict: comparisons of non-semver strings may have unexpected
# behavior.
#
# Returns:
# 1 if a<b
# 2 if equal
# 3 if a>b
compare_versions() {
local LC_ALL=C
# Optimization
if [[ $1 == "$2" ]]; then
return 2
fi
# Compare numeric release versions. Supports an arbitrary number of numeric
# elements (i.e., not just X.Y.Z) in which unspecified indices are regarded
# as 0.
local aver=${1%%[^0-9.]*} bver=${2%%[^0-9.]*}
local arem=${1#$aver} brem=${2#$bver}
local IFS=.
local i a=($aver) b=($bver)
for ((i=0; i<${#a[@]} || i<${#b[@]}; i++)); do
if ((10#${a[i]:-0} < 10#${b[i]:-0})); then
return 1
elif ((10#${a[i]:-0} > 10#${b[i]:-0})); then
return 3
fi
done
# Remove build metadata before remaining comparison
arem=${arem%%+*}
brem=${brem%%+*}
# Prelease (w/remainder) always older than release (no remainder)
if [ -n "$arem" -a -z "$brem" ]; then
return 1
elif [ -z "$arem" -a -n "$brem" ]; then
return 3
fi
# Otherwise, split by periods and compare individual elements either
# numerically or lexicographically
local a=(${arem#-}) b=(${brem#-})
for ((i=0; i<${#a[@]} && i<${#b[@]}; i++)); do
local anns=${a[i]#${a[i]%%[^0-9]*}} bnns=${b[i]#${b[i]%%[^0-9]*}}
if [ -z "$anns$bnns" ]; then
# Both numeric
if ((10#${a[i]:-0} < 10#${b[i]:-0})); then
return 1
elif ((10#${a[i]:-0} > 10#${b[i]:-0})); then
return 3
fi
elif [ -z "$anns" ]; then
# Numeric comes before non-numeric
return 1
elif [ -z "$bnns" ]; then
# Numeric comes before non-numeric
return 3
else
# Compare lexicographically
if [[ ${a[i]} < ${b[i]} ]]; then
return 1
elif [[ ${a[i]} > ${b[i]} ]]; then
return 3
fi
fi
done
# Fewer elements is earlier
if (( ${#a[@]} < ${#b[@]} )); then
return 1
elif (( ${#a[@]} > ${#b[@]} )); then
return 3
fi
# Must be equal!
return 2
}
ver_cmp()
{
local IFS=.
local V1=($1) V2=($2) I
for ((I=0 ; I<${#V1[*]} || I<${#V2[*]} ; I++)) ; do
[[ ${V1[$I]:-0} -lt ${V2[$I]:-0} ]] && echo -1 && return
[[ ${V1[$I]:-0} -gt ${V2[$I]:-0} ]] && echo 1 && return
done
echo 0
}
ver_eq()
{
[[ $(ver_cmp "$1" "$2") -eq 0 ]]
}
ver_lt()
{
[[ $(ver_cmp "$1" "$2") -eq -1 ]]
}
ver_gt()
{
[[ $(ver_cmp "$1" "$2") -eq 1 ]]
}
ver_le()
{
[[ ! $(ver_cmp "$1" "$2") -eq 1 ]]
}
ver_ge()
{
[[ ! $(ver_cmp "$1" "$2") -eq -1 ]]
}
测试:
( ( while read V1 V2 ; do echo $V1 $(ver_cmp $V1 $V2) $V2 ; done ) <<EOF
1.2.3 2.2.3
2.2.3 2.2.2
3.10 3.2
2.2 2.2.1
3.1 3.1.0
EOF
) | sed 's/ -1 / < / ; s/ 0 / = / ; s/ 1 / > /' | column -t
1.2.3 < 2.2.3
2.2.3 > 2.2.2
3.10 > 3.2
2.2 < 2.2.1
3.1 = 3.1.0
ver_lt 10.1.2 10.1.20 && echo 'Your version is too old'
Your version is too old
我遇到并解决了这个问题,添加了一个额外的(更短更简单的)答案…
首先注意,扩展shell比较失败了,你可能已经知道了…
if [[ 1.2.0 < 1.12.12 ]]; then echo true; else echo false; fi
false
使用sort -t'。'-g(或者kanaka提到的sort -V)来排序版本和简单的bash字符串比较,我找到了一个解决方案。输入文件包含列3和列4中的版本,我想对它们进行比较。这将遍历列表,确定匹配项或其中一个大于另一个。希望这仍然可以帮助那些希望使用bash尽可能简单地做到这一点的人。
while read l
do
#Field 3 contains version on left to compare (change -f3 to required column).
kf=$(echo $l | cut -d ' ' -f3)
#Field 4 contains version on right to compare (change -f4 to required column).
mp=$(echo $l | cut -d ' ' -f4)
echo 'kf = '$kf
echo 'mp = '$mp
#To compare versions m.m.m the two can be listed and sorted with a . separator and the greater version found.
gv=$(echo -e $kf'\n'$mp | sort -t'.' -g | tail -n 1)
if [ $kf = $mp ]; then
echo 'Match Found: '$l
elif [ $kf = $gv ]; then
echo 'Karaf feature file version is greater '$l
elif [ $mp = $gv ]; then
echo 'Maven pom file version is greater '$l
else
echo 'Comparison error '$l
fi
done < features_and_pom_versions.tmp.txt
感谢Barry的博客给出了排序的想法…… 裁判:http://bkhome.org/blog/?viewDetailed=02199