是否有办法在bash上比较这些字符串,例如:2.4.5和2.8和2.4.5.1?
当前回答
这个怎么样?似乎有用?
checkVersion() {
subVer1=$1
subVer2=$2
[ "$subVer1" == "$subVer2" ] && echo "Version is same"
echo "Version 1 is $subVer1"
testVer1=$subVer1
echo "Test version 1 is $testVer1"
x=0
while [[ $testVer1 != "" ]]
do
((x++))
testVer1=`echo $subVer1|cut -d "." -f $x`
echo "testVer1 now is $testVer1"
testVer2=`echo $subVer2|cut -d "." -f $x`
echo "testVer2 now is $testVer2"
if [[ $testVer1 -gt $testVer2 ]]
then
echo "$ver1 is greater than $ver2"
break
elif [[ "$testVer2" -gt "$testVer1" ]]
then
echo "$ver2 is greater than $ver1"
break
fi
echo "This is the sub verion for first value $testVer1"
echo "This is the sub verion for second value $testVer2"
done
}
ver1=$1
ver2=$2
checkVersion "$ver1" "$ver2"
其他回答
如果你知道字段的数量,你可以用-k,n,n,得到一个超级简单的解
echo '2.4.5
2.8
2.4.5.1
2.10.2' | sort -t '.' -k 1,1 -k 2,2 -k 3,3 -k 4,4 -g
2.4.5
2.4.5.1
2.8
2.10.2
这也是一个纯bash解决方案,因为printf是bash内置的。
function ver()
# Description: use for comparisons of version strings.
# $1 : a version string of form 1.2.3.4
# use: (( $(ver 1.2.3.4) >= $(ver 1.2.3.3) )) && echo "yes" || echo "no"
{
printf "%02d%02d%02d%02d" ${1//./ }
}
您可以通过版本命令行查看版本约束
$ version ">=1.0, <2.0" "1.7"
$ go version | version ">=1.9"
Bash脚本示例:
#!/bin/bash
if `version -b ">=9.0.0" "$(gcc --version)"`; then
echo "gcc version satisfies constraints >=9.0.0"
else
echo "gcc version doesn't satisfies constraints >=9.0.0"
fi
我使用一个函数来规范化这些数字,然后比较它们。
for循环用于将版本字符串中的八进制数转换为十进制数,例如:1.08→1 8,1.0030→1 30,2021-02-03→2021 2 3…
(用bash 5.0.17测试
#!/usr/bin/env bash
v() {
printf "%04d%04d%04d%04d%04d" $(for i in ${1//[^0-9]/ }; do printf "%d " $((10#$i)); done)
}
while read -r test; do
set -- $test
printf "$test "
eval "if [[ $(v $1) $3 $(v $2) ]] ; then echo true; else echo false; fi"
done << EOF
1 1 ==
2.1 2.2 <
3.0.4.10 3.0.4.2 >
4.08 4.08.01 <
3.2.1.9.8144 3.2 >
3.2 3.2.1.9.8144 <
1.2 2.1 <
2.1 1.2 >
5.6.7 5.6.7 ==
1.01.1 1.1.1 ==
1.1.1 1.01.1 ==
1 1.0 ==
1.0 1 ==
1.0.2.0 1.0.2 ==
1..0 1.0 ==
1.0 1..0 ==
1 1 >
1.2.3~rc2 1.2.3~rc4 >
1.2.3~rc2 1.2.3~rc4 ==
1.2.3~rc2 1.2.3~rc4 <
1.2.3~rc2 1.2.3~rc4 !=
1.2.3~rc2 1.2.3+rc4 <
2021-11-23-rc1 2021-11-23-rc1.1 <
2021-11-23-rc1 2021-11-23-rc1-rf1 <
2021-01-03-rc1 2021-01-04 <
5.0.17(1)-release 5.0.17(2)-release <
EOF
结果:
1 1 == true
2.1 2.2 < true
3.0.4.10 3.0.4.2 > true
4.08 4.08.01 < true
3.2.1.9.8144 3.2 > true
3.2 3.2.1.9.8144 < true
1.2 2.1 < true
2.1 1.2 > true
5.6.7 5.6.7 == true
1.01.1 1.1.1 == true
1.1.1 1.01.1 == true
1 1.0 == true
1.0 1 == true
1.0.2.0 1.0.2 == true
1..0 1.0 == true
1.0 1..0 == true
1 1 > false
1.2.3~rc2 1.2.3~rc4 > false
1.2.3~rc2 1.2.3~rc4 == false
1.2.3~rc2 1.2.3~rc4 < true
1.2.3~rc2 1.2.3~rc4 != true
1.2.3~rc2 1.2.3+rc4 < true
2021-11-23-rc1 2021-11-23-rc1.1 < true
2021-11-23-rc1 2021-11-23-rc1-rf1 < true
2021-01-03-rc1 2021-01-04 < true
5.0.17(1)-release 5.0.17(2)-release < true
这里有一个支持修订的纯Bash解决方案(例如。“1.0-r1”),答案是基于丹尼斯·威廉姆森(Dennis Williamson)发布的答案。可以很容易地修改它以支持'-RC1'之类的东西,或者通过更改正则表达式从更复杂的字符串中提取版本。
有关实现的详细信息,请参考代码内注释和/或启用包含的调试代码:
#!/bin/bash
# Compare two version strings [$1: version string 1 (v1), $2: version string 2 (v2)]
# Return values:
# 0: v1 == v2
# 1: v1 > v2
# 2: v1 < v2
# Based on: https://stackoverflow.com/a/4025065 by Dennis Williamson
function compare_versions() {
# Trivial v1 == v2 test based on string comparison
[[ "$1" == "$2" ]] && return 0
# Local variables
local regex="^(.*)-r([0-9]*)$" va1=() vr1=0 va2=() vr2=0 len i IFS="."
# Split version strings into arrays, extract trailing revisions
if [[ "$1" =~ ${regex} ]]; then
va1=(${BASH_REMATCH[1]})
[[ -n "${BASH_REMATCH[2]}" ]] && vr1=${BASH_REMATCH[2]}
else
va1=($1)
fi
if [[ "$2" =~ ${regex} ]]; then
va2=(${BASH_REMATCH[1]})
[[ -n "${BASH_REMATCH[2]}" ]] && vr2=${BASH_REMATCH[2]}
else
va2=($2)
fi
# Bring va1 and va2 to same length by filling empty fields with zeros
(( ${#va1[@]} > ${#va2[@]} )) && len=${#va1[@]} || len=${#va2[@]}
for ((i=0; i < len; ++i)); do
[[ -z "${va1[i]}" ]] && va1[i]="0"
[[ -z "${va2[i]}" ]] && va2[i]="0"
done
# Append revisions, increment length
va1+=($vr1)
va2+=($vr2)
len=$((len+1))
# *** DEBUG ***
#echo "TEST: '${va1[@]} (?) ${va2[@]}'"
# Compare version elements, check if v1 > v2 or v1 < v2
for ((i=0; i < len; ++i)); do
if (( 10#${va1[i]} > 10#${va2[i]} )); then
return 1
elif (( 10#${va1[i]} < 10#${va2[i]} )); then
return 2
fi
done
# All elements are equal, thus v1 == v2
return 0
}
# ---------- everything below this line is just for testing ----------
# Test compare_versions [$1: version string 1, $2: version string 2, $3: expected result]
function test_compare_versions() {
local op
compare_versions "$1" "$2"
case $? in
0) op="==" ;;
1) op=">" ;;
2) op="<" ;;
esac
if [[ "$op" == "$3" ]]; then
echo -e "\e[1;32mPASS: '$1 $op $2'\e[0m"
else
echo -e "\e[1;31mFAIL: '$1 $3 $2' (result: '$1 $op $2')\e[0m"
fi
}
echo -e "\nThe following tests should pass:"
while read -r test; do
test_compare_versions $test
done << EOF
1 1 ==
2.1 2.2 <
3.0.4.10 3.0.4.2 >
4.08 4.08.01 <
3.2.1.9.8144 3.2 >
3.2 3.2.1.9.8144 <
1.2 2.1 <
2.1 1.2 >
5.6.7 5.6.7 ==
1.01.1 1.1.1 ==
1.1.1 1.01.1 ==
1 1.0 ==
1.0 1 ==
1.0.2.0 1.0.2 ==
1..0 1.0 ==
1.0 1..0 ==
1.0-r1 1.0-r3 <
1.0-r9 2.0 <
3.0-r15 3.0-r9 >
...-r1 ...-r2 <
2.0-r1 1.9.8.21-r2 >
1.0 3.8.9.32-r <
-r -r3 <
-r3 -r >
-r3 -r3 ==
-r -r ==
0.0-r2 0.0.0.0-r2 ==
1.0.0.0-r2 1.0-r2 ==
0.0.0.1-r7 -r9 >
0.0-r0 0 ==
1.002.0-r6 1.2.0-r7 <
001.001-r2 1.1-r2 ==
5.6.1-r0 5.6.1 ==
EOF
echo -e "\nThe following tests should fail:"
while read -r test; do
test_compare_versions $test
done << EOF
1 1 >
3.0.5-r5 3..5-r5 >
4.9.21-r3 4.8.22-r9 <
1.0-r 1.0-r1 ==
-r 1.0-r >
-r1 0.0-r1 <
-r2 0-r2 <
EOF