我感兴趣的是从数据库表中选择第n行的一些(理想的)数据库不可知的方法。看看如何使用以下数据库的本机功能来实现这一点也很有趣:
SQL Server MySQL PostgreSQL SQLite 甲骨文
我目前正在SQL Server 2005中做以下事情，但我有兴趣看到其他更不可知论的方法:
WITH Ordered AS (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY OrderID) AS RowNumber, OrderID, OrderDate
FROM Orders)
SELECT *
FROM Ordered
WHERE RowNumber = 1000000
以上SQL: Firoz Ansari的Weblog的功劳
更新:参见Troels Arvin关于SQL标准的回答。Troels，你有我们可以引用的链接吗?
当前回答
SQL SERVER
从顶部选择第n条记录
SELECT * FROM (
SELECT
ID, NAME, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY ID) AS ROW
FROM TABLE
) AS TMP
WHERE ROW = n
从底部选择第n条记录
SELECT * FROM (
SELECT
ID, NAME, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY ID DESC) AS ROW
FROM TABLE
) AS TMP
WHERE ROW = n
其他回答
对于SQL Server，一般的方法是通过行号:
SET ROWCOUNT @row --@row = the row number you wish to work on.
例如:
set rowcount 20 --sets row to 20th row
select meat, cheese from dbo.sandwich --select columns from table at 20th row
set rowcount 0 --sets rowcount back to all rows
这将返回第20行的信息。一定要在后面输入行数0。
与一些答案所声称的相反，SQL标准在这个主题上并不是沉默的。
自SQL:2003以来，您已经能够使用“窗口函数”来跳过行和限制结果集。
在SQL:2008中，添加了一个稍微简单的方法，使用 偏移跳过行 只取前n行
就我个人而言，我不认为SQL:2008的加入是真的有必要的，所以如果我是ISO，我会把它排除在一个已经相当大的标准之外。
下面是我最近为Oracle编写的一个sproc的通用版本，它允许动态分页/排序——HTH
-- p_LowerBound = first row # in the returned set; if second page of 10 rows,
-- this would be 11 (-1 for unbounded/not set)
-- p_UpperBound = last row # in the returned set; if second page of 10 rows,
-- this would be 20 (-1 for unbounded/not set)
OPEN o_Cursor FOR
SELECT * FROM (
SELECT
Column1,
Column2
rownum AS rn
FROM
(
SELECT
tbl.Column1,
tbl.column2
FROM MyTable tbl
WHERE
tbl.Column1 = p_PKParam OR
tbl.Column1 = -1
ORDER BY
DECODE(p_sortOrder, 'A', DECODE(p_sortColumn, 1, Column1, 'X'),'X'),
DECODE(p_sortOrder, 'D', DECODE(p_sortColumn, 1, Column1, 'X'),'X') DESC,
DECODE(p_sortOrder, 'A', DECODE(p_sortColumn, 2, Column2, sysdate),sysdate),
DECODE(p_sortOrder, 'D', DECODE(p_sortColumn, 2, Column2, sysdate),sysdate) DESC
))
WHERE
(rn >= p_lowerBound OR p_lowerBound = -1) AND
(rn <= p_upperBound OR p_upperBound = -1);
当我们在MSSQL 2000中工作时，我们做了所谓的“三重翻转”:
编辑
DECLARE @InnerPageSize int
DECLARE @OuterPageSize int
DECLARE @Count int
SELECT @Count = COUNT(<column>) FROM <TABLE>
SET @InnerPageSize = @PageNum * @PageSize
SET @OuterPageSize = @Count - ((@PageNum - 1) * @PageSize)
IF (@OuterPageSize < 0)
SET @OuterPageSize = 0
ELSE IF (@OuterPageSize > @PageSize)
SET @OuterPageSize = @PageSize
DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(8000)
SET @sql = 'SELECT * FROM
(
SELECT TOP ' + CAST(@OuterPageSize AS nvarchar(5)) + ' * FROM
(
SELECT TOP ' + CAST(@InnerPageSize AS nvarchar(5)) + ' * FROM <TABLE> ORDER BY <column> ASC
) AS t1 ORDER BY <column> DESC
) AS t2 ORDER BY <column> ASC'
PRINT @sql
EXECUTE sp_executesql @sql
它并不优雅，速度也不快，但它奏效了。
SELECT
top 1 *
FROM
table_name
WHERE
column_name IN (
SELECT
top N column_name
FROM
TABLE
ORDER BY
column_name
)
ORDER BY
column_name DESC
我写这个查询是为了求第n行。 使用此查询的示例如下
SELECT
top 1 *
FROM
Employee
WHERE
emp_id IN (
SELECT
top 7 emp_id
FROM
Employee
ORDER BY
emp_id
)
ORDER BY
emp_id DESC
