. net不再允许使用访问器。您可以使用我在这里发布的代码来回答类似的问题。

如何对私有方法进行单元测试?

public static class PrivateMethodTester
{
    public static object InvokePrivateMethodWithReturnType<T>(this T testObject, string methodName, Type[] methodParamTypes, object[] parameters)
    {
        //shows that we want the nonpublic, static, or instance methods.
        var flags = BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance;

        //gets the method, but we need the methodparamtypes so that we don't accidentally get an ambiguous method with different params.
        MethodInfo methodInfo = testObject.GetType().GetMethod(methodName, flags, null, methodParamTypes, null);
        if (methodInfo == null)
        {
            throw new Exception("Unable to find method.");
        }

        //invokes our method on our object with the parameters.
        var result = methodInfo.Invoke(testObject, parameters);
        if (result is Task task)
        {
            //if it is a task, it won't resolve without forcing it to resolve, which means we won't get our exceptions.
            task.GetAwaiter().GetResult();
        }

        return result;
    }
}

这样称呼它:

        Type[] paramTypes = new Type[] { typeof(OrderTender), typeof(string) };
        var parameters = new object[] { orderTender, OrderErrorReasonNames.FailedToCloneTransaction };

        myClass.InvokePrivateMethodWithReturnType("myPrivateMethodName", paramTypes, parameters);

我有另一种适合我的方法。因为我总是在调试模式下运行我的测试，所以我使用#if debug在我的私有方法之前添加public。我的私有方法是这样的

public class Test
{
    #if (DEBUG)
      public
    #endif
    string PrivateMehtod()
    {
      return "PrivateMehtod called";
    }
}

您可以使用嵌套类来测试私有方法。例如(使用NUnit v3):

    
    internal static class A
    {
        // ... other code

        private static Int32 Sum(Int32 a, Int32 b) => a + b;

        [TestFixture]
        private static class UnitTests
        {
            [Test]
            public static void OnePlusTwoEqualsThree()
            {
                Assert.AreEqual(3, Sum(1, 2));
            }
        }
    }

此外，可以使用“部分类”特性将测试相关代码移动到另一个文件中，使用“条件编译”将其排除在发布版本之外，等等。先进的例子:

文件交流

    
    internal static partial class A
    {
        // ... other code

        private static Int32 Sum(Int32 a, Int32 b) => a + b;
    }

文件A.UnitTests.cs

#if UNIT_TESTING
    partial class A
    {
        [TestFixture]
        private static class UnitTests
        {
            [Test]
            public static void OnePlusTwoEqualsThree()
            {
                Assert.AreEqual(3, Sum(1, 2));
            }
        }
    }
#endif

遗憾的是。net6中没有PrivateObject类

不过，我写了一个小型扩展方法，能够使用反射调用私有方法。

看一下示例代码:

class Test
{
  private string GetStr(string x, int y) => $"Success! {x} {y}";
}

var test = new Test();
var res = test.Invoke<string>("GetStr", "testparam", 123);
Console.WriteLine(res); // "Success! testparam 123"

下面是扩展方法的实现:

/// <summary>
/// Invokes a private/public method on an object. Useful for unit testing.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Specifies the method invocation result type.</typeparam>
/// <param name="obj">The object containing the method.</param>
/// <param name="methodName">Name of the method.</param>
/// <param name="parameters">Parameters to pass to the method.</param>
/// <returns>The result of the method invocation.</returns>
/// <exception cref="ArgumentException">When no such method exists on the object.</exception>
/// <exception cref="ArgumentException">When the method invocation resulted in an object of different type, as the type param T.</exception>
/// <example>
/// class Test
/// {
///   private string GetStr(string x, int y) => $"Success! {x} {y}";
/// }
///
/// var test = new Test();
/// var res = test.Invoke&lt;string&gt;("GetStr", "testparam", 123);
/// Console.WriteLine(res); // "Success! testparam 123"
/// </example>
public static T Invoke<T>(this object obj, string methodName, params object[] parameters)
{
  var method = obj.GetType().GetMethod(methodName, BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
  if (method == null)
  {
    throw new ArgumentException($"No private method \"{methodName}\" found in class \"{obj.GetType().Name}\"");
  }

  var res = method.Invoke(obj, parameters);
  if (res is T)
  {
    return (T)res;
  }

  throw new ArgumentException($"Bad type parameter. Type parameter is of type \"{typeof(T).Name}\", whereas method invocation result is of type \"{res.GetType().Name}\"");
}

我使用这个helper(对象类型扩展)

 public static  TReturn CallPrivateMethod<TReturn>(
        this object instance,
        string methodName,
        params object[] parameters)
    {
        Type type = instance.GetType();
        BindingFlags bindingAttr = BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance;
        MethodInfo method = type.GetMethod(methodName, bindingAttr);

        return (TReturn)method.Invoke(instance, parameters);
    }

你可以这样叫它

Calculator systemUnderTest = new Calculator();
int result = systemUnderTest.CallPrivateMethod<int>("PrivateAdd",1,8);

优点之一是它使用泛型来预先确定返回类型。