一个工具是sigcheck:

sigcheck c:\Windows\winhlp32.exe

输出:

Sigcheck v2.71 - File version and signature viewer
Copyright (C) 2004-2018 Mark Russinovich
Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com

c:\windows\winhlp32.exe:
        Verified:       Signed
        Signing date:   20:05 02.05.2022
        Publisher:      Microsoft Windows
        Company:        Microsoft Corporation
        Description:    Windows Winhlp32 Stub
        Product:        Microsoft® Windows® Operating System
        Prod version:   10.0.19041.1
        File version:   10.0.19041.1 (WinBuild.160101.0800)
        MachineType:    32-bit

sigcheck -nobanner c:\Windows\HelpPane.exe

输出:

c:\windows\HelpPane.exe:
        Verified:       Signed
        Signing date:   00:42 23.04.2022
        Publisher:      Microsoft Windows
        Company:        Microsoft Corporation
        Description:    Microsoft Help and Support
        Product:        Microsoft® Windows® Operating System
        Prod version:   10.0.19041.1151
        File version:   10.0.19041.1151 (WinBuild.160101.0800)
        MachineType:    64-bit

我喜欢ILSpy工具。它不仅显示了架构，还显示了目标框架:

// linq2db, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=e41013125f9e410a
// Global type: <Module>
// Architecture: AnyCPU (64-bit preferred)
// Runtime: v4.0.30319
// This assembly is signed with a strong name key.
// This assembly was compiled using the /deterministic option.
// Hash algorithm: SHA1

因此，可以确定它是。net Core 2.1， .NET Framework 4.6或任何其他版本:

cfeduke注意到调用GetPEKind的可能性。在PowerShell中进行这个操作可能会很有趣。

例如，下面是可以使用的cmdlet代码:https://stackoverflow.com/a/16181743/64257

另外，在https://stackoverflow.com/a/4719567/64257网站上提到“PowerShell社区扩展中也有Get-PEHeader cmdlet，可以用来测试可执行图像。”

一个更通用的方法-使用文件结构来确定位和图像类型:

public static CompilationMode GetCompilationMode(this FileInfo info)
{
    if (!info.Exists)
        throw new ArgumentException($"{info.FullName} does not exist");

    var intPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
    try
    {
        uint unmanagedBufferSize = 4096;
        intPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)unmanagedBufferSize);

        using (var stream = File.Open(info.FullName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
        {
            var bytes = new byte[unmanagedBufferSize];
            stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
            Marshal.Copy(bytes, 0, intPtr, bytes.Length);
        }

        // Check DOS header magic number
        if (Marshal.ReadInt16(intPtr) != 0x5a4d)
            return CompilationMode.Invalid;

        // This will get the address for the WinNT header
        var ntHeaderAddressOffset = Marshal.ReadInt32(intPtr + 60);

        // Check WinNT header signature
        var signature = Marshal.ReadInt32(intPtr + ntHeaderAddressOffset);
        if (signature != 0x4550)
            return CompilationMode.Invalid;

        // Determine file bitness by reading magic from IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER
        var magic = Marshal.ReadInt16(intPtr + ntHeaderAddressOffset + 24);

        var result = CompilationMode.Invalid;
        uint clrHeaderSize;
        if (magic == 0x10b)
        {
            clrHeaderSize = (uint)Marshal.ReadInt32(intPtr + ntHeaderAddressOffset + 24 + 208 + 4);
            result |= CompilationMode.Bit32;
        }
        else if (magic == 0x20b)
        {
            clrHeaderSize = (uint)Marshal.ReadInt32(intPtr + ntHeaderAddressOffset + 24 + 224 + 4);
            result |= CompilationMode.Bit64;
        }
        else return CompilationMode.Invalid;

        result |= clrHeaderSize != 0
            ? CompilationMode.CLR
            : CompilationMode.Native;

        return result;
    }
    finally
    {
        if (intPtr != IntPtr.Zero)
            Marshal.FreeHGlobal(intPtr);
    }
}

编译模式枚举

[Flags]
public enum CompilationMode
{
    Invalid = 0,
    Native = 0x1,
    CLR = Native << 1,
    Bit32 = CLR << 1,
    Bit64 = Bit32 << 1
}

源代码和解释在GitHub。

[TestMethod]
public void EnsureKWLLibrariesAreAll64Bit()
{
    var assemblies = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetReferencedAssemblies().Where(x => x.FullName.StartsWith("YourCommonProjectName")).ToArray();
    foreach (var assembly in assemblies)
    {
        var myAssemblyName = AssemblyName.GetAssemblyName(assembly.FullName.Split(',')[0] + ".dll");
        Assert.AreEqual(ProcessorArchitecture.MSIL, myAssemblyName.ProcessorArchitecture);
    }
}

查看System.Reflection.AssemblyName。assemblyFile GetAssemblyName(字符串)。

您可以从返回的AssemblyName实例中检查程序集元数据:

使用PowerShell:

[36] C:\> [reflection.assemblyname]::GetAssemblyName("${pwd}\Microsoft.GLEE.dll") | fl

Name                  : Microsoft.GLEE
Version               : 1.0.0.0
CultureInfo           :
CodeBase              : file:///C:/projects/powershell/BuildAnalyzer/...
EscapedCodeBase       : file:///C:/projects/powershell/BuildAnalyzer/...
ProcessorArchitecture : MSIL
Flags                 : PublicKey
HashAlgorithm         : SHA1
VersionCompatibility  : SameMachine
KeyPair               :
FullName              : Microsoft.GLEE, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neut...

在这里，ProcessorArchitecture标识目标平台。

Amd64:基于x64架构的64位处理器。 Arm: Arm处理器。 IA64:仅支持64位Intel Itanium处理器。 MSIL:对于处理器和每字比特数来说是中性的。 X86:一种32位的Intel处理器，本机的或在64位平台(WoW64)上的Windows on Windows环境中。 None:未知或未指定的处理器和每字位数的组合。

在本例中，我使用PowerShell来调用该方法。