我试图使用sed来清理url行来提取域。
所以从:
http://www.suepearson.co.uk/product/174/71/3816/
我想要:
http://www.suepearson.co.uk/
(不管后面有没有斜杠,都没有关系)
我试过:
sed 's|\(http:\/\/.*?\/\).*|\1|'
And(转义非贪婪量词)
sed 's|\(http:\/\/.*\?\/\).*|\1|'
但我似乎不能让非贪婪量词(?)工作,所以它总是匹配整个字符串。
使用sed,我通常通过搜索除分隔符以外的任何东西来实现非贪婪搜索,直到分隔符:
echo "http://www.suon.co.uk/product/1/7/3/" | sed -n 's;\(http://[^/]*\)/.*;\1;p'
输出:
http://www.suon.co.uk
这是:
don't output -n
search, match pattern, replace and print s/<pattern>/<replace>/p
use ; search command separator instead of / to make it easier to type so s;<pattern>;<replace>;p
remember match between brackets \( ... \), later accessible with \1,\2...
match http://
followed by anything in brackets [], [ab/] would mean either a or b or /
first ^ in [] means not, so followed by anything but the thing in the []
so [^/] means anything except / character
* is to repeat previous group so [^/]* means characters except /.
so far sed -n 's;\(http://[^/]*\) means search and remember http://followed by any characters except / and remember what you've found
we want to search untill the end of domain so stop on the next / so add another / at the end: sed -n 's;\(http://[^/]*\)/' but we want to match the rest of the line after the domain so add .*
now the match remembered in group 1 (\1) is the domain so replace matched line with stuff saved in group \1 and print: sed -n 's;\(http://[^/]*\)/.*;\1;p'
如果你想在域名后面加上反斜杠,那么在组中再加一个反斜杠来记住:
echo "http://www.suon.co.uk/product/1/7/3/" | sed -n 's;\(http://[^/]*/\).*;\1;p'
输出:
http://www.suon.co.uk/
不幸的是,如前所述,sed不支持这一点。
为了克服这个问题,我建议使用次优方法(实际上甚至更好),使用类似vim sed的功能。
在.bash-profile中定义
vimdo() { vim $2 --not-a-term -c "$1" -es +"w >> /dev/stdout" -cq! ; }
这将创建无头vim来执行命令。
现在你可以这样做:
回声路径美元| vimdo“% s_ \ c: [a-zA-Z0-9 \ \ /] python (a-zA-Z0-9 \ {-} \\/]\{-}:__ g”,
过滤掉$PATH中的python。
使用-在vimdo中从管道中输入。
而大多数语法是相同的。Vim具有更高级的特性,并且使用\{-}是非贪婪匹配的标准。参见帮助regexp。