如果您正在使用bash....

#!/bin/bash

pushd $(dirname "${0}") > /dev/null
basedir=$(pwd -L)
# Use "pwd -P" for the path without links. man bash for more info.
popd > /dev/null

echo "${basedir}"

假设您正在使用bash

#!/bin/bash

current_dir=$(pwd)
script_dir=$(dirname "$0")

echo $current_dir
echo $script_dir

这个脚本应该打印您所在的目录，然后是脚本所在的目录。例如，当使用/home/mez/中的脚本从/调用它时，它输出

/
/home/mez

请记住，当从命令的输出为变量赋值时，请将命令包装在$(and)中—否则将得不到所需的输出。

之前对一个答案的评论说过，但在所有其他答案中很容易被忽略。

使用bash时:

echo this file: "$BASH_SOURCE"
echo this dir: "$(dirname "$BASH_SOURCE")"

Bash参考手册，5.2 Bash变量

对于tcsh，您可以使用:h变量修饰符来检索路径。

需要注意的是，如果脚本作为tcsh myscript执行。Csh，那么您将只获得脚本名称。一个解决方法是验证路径，如下所示。

#!/bin/tcsh

set SCRIPT_PATH = $0:h
if ( $SCRIPT_PATH == $0 ) then
        set SCRIPT_PATH = "."
endif

$SCRIPT_PATH/compile.csh > $SCRIPT_PATH/results.txt

关于变量修饰语的更多信息可以在https://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/tcsh/上找到

So many answers, all plausible, each with pro's and con's & slightly differeing objectives (which should probably be stated for each). Here's another solution that meets a primary objective of both being clear and working across all systems, on all bash (no assumptions about bash versions, or readlink or pwd options), and reasonably does what you'd expect to happen (eg, resolving symlinks is an interesting problem, but isn't usually what you actually want), handle edge cases like spaces in paths, etc., ignores any errors and uses a sane default if there are any issues.

每个组件都存储在一个单独的变量中，您可以单独使用:

# script path, filename, directory
PROG_PATH=${BASH_SOURCE[0]}      # this script's name
PROG_NAME=${PROG_PATH##*/}       # basename of script (strip path)
PROG_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${PROG_PATH:-$PWD}")" 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && pwd)"

正如marko所言:

BASEDIR=$(dirname $0)
echo $BASEDIR

除非你在脚本所在的目录中执行脚本，在这种情况下，你会得到一个值'。'

要解决这个问题，请使用:

current_dir=$(pwd)
script_dir=$(dirname $0)

if [ $script_dir = '.' ]
then
script_dir="$current_dir"
fi

现在可以在整个脚本中使用变量current_dir来引用脚本目录。然而，这可能仍然有符号链接的问题。