Windows批处理文件有哪些不太为人所知,但很重要和有用的特性?
指南:
每个答案一个特征 给出特性的简短描述和示例,而不仅仅是文档链接 将答案限制在本地功能,即不需要额外的软件,如Windows资源包
澄清:这里我们指的是由cmd.exe处理的脚本,这是WinNT变体的默认值。
(请参见:Windows批处理文件:.bat vs .cmd?)
Windows批处理文件有哪些不太为人所知,但很重要和有用的特性?
指南:
每个答案一个特征 给出特性的简短描述和示例,而不仅仅是文档链接 将答案限制在本地功能,即不需要额外的软件,如Windows资源包
澄清:这里我们指的是由cmd.exe处理的脚本,这是WinNT变体的默认值。
(请参见:Windows批处理文件:.bat vs .cmd?)
当前回答
脚本所在的路径(带驱动器):~dp0
set BAT_HOME=%~dp0
echo %BAT_HOME%
cd %BAT_HOME%
其他回答
将输出重定向到控制台,即使批处理的输出已经通过> con语法重定向到文件。
例子: foo.cmd:
echo a
echo b > con
调用:
foo.cmd > output.txt
这将导致“a”输出到output.txt,而“b”输出到控制台。
批处理脚本最常见的需求之一是记录生成的输出,以供以后检查。是的,您可以将stdout和stderr重定向到一个文件,但是您无法看到发生了什么,除非您跟踪日志文件。
因此,考虑使用stdout/stderr日志记录工具运行您的批处理脚本,例如logger,它将使用时间戳记录输出,并且您仍然能够看到脚本进程。
另一个stdout/stderr日志记录实用程序
Yet another stdout/stderr logging utility [2010-08-05]
Copyright (C) 2010 LoRd_MuldeR <MuldeR2@GMX.de>
Released under the terms of the GNU General Public License (see License.txt)
Usage:
logger.exe [logger options] : program.exe [program arguments]
program.exe [program arguments] | logger.exe [logger options] : -
Options:
-log <file name> Name of the log file to create (default: "<program> <time>.log")
-append Append to the log file instead of replacing the existing file
-mode <mode> Write 'stdout' or 'stderr' or 'both' to log file (default: 'both')
-format <format> Format of log file, 'raw' or 'time' or 'full' (default: 'time')
-filter <filter> Don't write lines to log file that contain this string
-invert Invert filter, i.e. write only lines to log file that match filter
-ignorecase Apply filter in a case-insensitive way (default: case-sensitive)
-nojobctrl Don't add child process to job object (applies to Win2k and later)
-noescape Don't escape double quotes when forwarding command-line arguments
-silent Don't print additional information to the console
-priority <flag> Change process priority (idle/belownormal/normal/abovenormal/high)
-inputcp <cpid> Use the specified codepage for input processing (default: 'utf8')
-outputcp <cpid> Use the specified codepage for log file output (default: 'utf8')
There is also the EDLIN command. While it may be an old bastard tool once used for line-based text editing, the fact that it's controllable from the command line makes it rather useful for batch scripting, mostly because, just like any other case you'd be using EDLIN, it's the only tool available. After all, EDLIN is not a tool you would ordinarily want to use for text editing, unless you are somewhat masochistic. To quote Tim Patterson (the fellow who wrote it): "I was aghast when I heard that IBM was using it and not throwing it out the window."
注意:EDLIN将老式的EOF (1A)标记添加到它编辑的文件中。如果需要删除它们,可能必须使用DEBUG。
删除周围的报价。
for /f "useback tokens=*" %%a in ('%str%') do set str=%%~a
我最近必须写一个批处理文件,由VS预构建事件调用,我想在项目目录中作为参数传递。在批处理文件中,我需要将路径与嵌套子文件夹名称连接起来,但首先需要删除周围的引号。
使用SET /P从文件中设置环境变量
SET /P SVNVERSION=<ver.tmp