我有一个类,它看起来像这样:

public class Field
{
    public string FieldName;
    public string FieldType;
}

和一个对象列表<字段>值:

{"EmployeeID","int"},
{"EmployeeName","String"},
{"Designation","String"}

我想创建一个类,看起来像这样:

Class DynamicClass
{
    int EmployeeID,
    String EmployeeName,
    String Designation
}

有什么办法可以做到吗?

我希望它在运行时生成。我不希望在文件系统中驻留一个物理CS文件。


当前回答

您可以考虑使用动态模块和类来完成这项工作。唯一的缺点是它仍然加载在应用程序域中。但是。net 4.0支持可收集的动态程序集,因此你可以动态地重新创建类/类型。

其他回答

我不知道这种动态类的预期用途,代码生成和运行时编译是可以完成的,但需要一些努力。 也许匿名类型会帮助你,比如:

var v = new { EmployeeID = 108, EmployeeName = "John Doe" };

您还可以使用DynamicExpressions动态地创建类。

因为'Dictionary'有紧凑的初始化器并处理键冲突,所以你会想这样做。

  var list = new Dictionary<string, string> {
    {
      "EmployeeID",
      "int"
    }, {
      "EmployeeName",
      "String"
    }, {
      "Birthday",
      "DateTime"
    }
  };

或者,您可能希望使用JSON转换器将序列化的字符串对象构造为可管理的对象。

然后使用System.Linq.Dynamic;

  IEnumerable<DynamicProperty> props = list.Select(property => new DynamicProperty(property.Key, Type.GetType(property.Value))).ToList();

  Type t = DynamicExpression.CreateClass(props);

剩下的就是使用System.Reflection。

  object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
  t.GetProperty("EmployeeID").SetValue(obj, 34, null);
  t.GetProperty("EmployeeName").SetValue(obj, "Albert", null);
  t.GetProperty("Birthday").SetValue(obj, new DateTime(1976, 3, 14), null);
}  

哇!谢谢你的回答!我添加了一些功能,以创建一个“数据表到json”的转换器,我与您分享。

    Public Shared Sub dt2json(ByVal _dt As DataTable, ByVal _sb As StringBuilder)
    Dim t As System.Type

    Dim oList(_dt.Rows.Count - 1) As Object
    Dim jss As New JavaScriptSerializer()
    Dim i As Integer = 0

    t = CompileResultType(_dt)

    For Each dr As DataRow In _dt.Rows
        Dim o As Object = Activator.CreateInstance(t)

        For Each col As DataColumn In _dt.Columns
            setvalue(o, col.ColumnName, dr.Item(col.ColumnName))
        Next

        oList(i) = o
        i += 1
    Next

    jss = New JavaScriptSerializer()
    jss.Serialize(oList, _sb)


End Sub

在"compileresulttype" sub中,我修改了:

    For Each column As DataColumn In _dt.Columns
        CreateProperty(tb, column.ColumnName, column.DataType)
    Next


Private Shared Sub setvalue(ByVal _obj As Object, ByVal _propName As String, ByVal _propValue As Object)
    Dim pi As PropertyInfo
    pi = _obj.GetType.GetProperty(_propName)
    If pi IsNot Nothing AndAlso pi.CanWrite Then
        If _propValue IsNot DBNull.Value Then
            pi.SetValue(_obj, _propValue, Nothing)

        Else
            Select Case pi.PropertyType.ToString
                Case "System.String"
                    pi.SetValue(_obj, String.Empty, Nothing)
                Case Else
                    'let the serialiser use javascript "null" value.
            End Select

        End If
    End If

End Sub

对于那些想要创建一个动态类的属性(即POCO),并创建这个类的列表。使用后面提供的代码,这将创建一个动态类,并创建一个该类的列表。

var properties = new List<DynamicTypeProperty>()
{
    new DynamicTypeProperty("doubleProperty", typeof(double)),
    new DynamicTypeProperty("stringProperty", typeof(string))
};

// create the new type
var dynamicType = DynamicType.CreateDynamicType(properties);
// create a list of the new type
var dynamicList = DynamicType.CreateDynamicList(dynamicType);

// get an action that will add to the list
var addAction = DynamicType.GetAddAction(dynamicList);

// call the action, with an object[] containing parameters in exact order added
addAction.Invoke(new object[] {1.1, "item1"});
addAction.Invoke(new object[] {2.1, "item2"});
addAction.Invoke(new object[] {3.1, "item3"});

下面是前面代码使用的类。

注意:你还需要引用Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp库。

       /// <summary>
    /// A property name, and type used to generate a property in the dynamic class.
    /// </summary>
    public class DynamicTypeProperty
    {
        public DynamicTypeProperty(string name, Type type)
        {
            Name = name;
            Type = type;
        }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public Type Type { get; set; }
    }

   public static class DynamicType
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a list of the specified type
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="type"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IEnumerable<object> CreateDynamicList(Type type)
        {
            var listType = typeof(List<>);
            var dynamicListType = listType.MakeGenericType(type);
            return (IEnumerable<object>) Activator.CreateInstance(dynamicListType);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// creates an action which can be used to add items to the list
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="listType"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static Action<object[]> GetAddAction(IEnumerable<object> list)
        {
            var listType = list.GetType();
            var addMethod = listType.GetMethod("Add");
            var itemType = listType.GenericTypeArguments[0];
            var itemProperties = itemType.GetProperties();

            var action = new Action<object[]>((values) =>
            {
                var item = Activator.CreateInstance(itemType);

                for(var i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
                {
                    itemProperties[i].SetValue(item, values[i]);
                }

                addMethod.Invoke(list, new []{item});
            });

            return action;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a type based on the property/type values specified in the properties
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="properties"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <exception cref="Exception"></exception>
        public static Type CreateDynamicType(IEnumerable<DynamicTypeProperty> properties)
        {
            StringBuilder classCode = new StringBuilder();

            // Generate the class code
            classCode.AppendLine("using System;");
            classCode.AppendLine("namespace Dexih {");
            classCode.AppendLine("public class DynamicClass {");

            foreach (var property in properties)
            {
                classCode.AppendLine($"public {property.Type.Name} {property.Name} {{get; set; }}");
            }
            classCode.AppendLine("}");
            classCode.AppendLine("}");

            var syntaxTree = CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(classCode.ToString());

            var references = new MetadataReference[]
            {
                MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(typeof(object).GetTypeInfo().Assembly.Location),
                MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(typeof(DictionaryBase).GetTypeInfo().Assembly.Location)
            };

            var compilation = CSharpCompilation.Create("DynamicClass" + Guid.NewGuid() + ".dll",
                syntaxTrees: new[] {syntaxTree},
                references: references,
                options: new CSharpCompilationOptions(OutputKind.DynamicallyLinkedLibrary));

            using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                var result = compilation.Emit(ms);

                if (!result.Success)
                {
                    var failures = result.Diagnostics.Where(diagnostic =>
                        diagnostic.IsWarningAsError ||
                        diagnostic.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error);

                    var message = new StringBuilder();

                    foreach (var diagnostic in failures)
                    {
                        message.AppendFormat("{0}: {1}", diagnostic.Id, diagnostic.GetMessage());
                    }

                    throw new Exception($"Invalid property definition: {message}.");
                }
                else
                {

                    ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
                    var assembly = System.Runtime.Loader.AssemblyLoadContext.Default.LoadFromStream(ms);
                    var dynamicType = assembly.GetType("Dexih.DynamicClass");
                    return dynamicType;
                }
            }
        }
    }

根据@danijels的回答,在VB中动态创建一个类。NET:

Imports System.Reflection
Imports System.Reflection.Emit

Public Class ObjectBuilder

Public Property myType As Object
Public Property myObject As Object

Public Sub New(fields As List(Of Field))
    myType = CompileResultType(fields)
    myObject = Activator.CreateInstance(myType)
End Sub

Public Shared Function CompileResultType(fields As List(Of Field)) As Type
    Dim tb As TypeBuilder = GetTypeBuilder()
    Dim constructor As ConstructorBuilder = tb.DefineDefaultConstructor(MethodAttributes.[Public] Or MethodAttributes.SpecialName Or MethodAttributes.RTSpecialName)

    For Each field In fields
        CreateProperty(tb, field.Name, field.Type)
    Next

    Dim objectType As Type = tb.CreateType()
    Return objectType
End Function

Private Shared Function GetTypeBuilder() As TypeBuilder
    Dim typeSignature = "MyDynamicType"
    Dim an = New AssemblyName(typeSignature)
    Dim assemblyBuilder As AssemblyBuilder = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(an, AssemblyBuilderAccess.Run)
    Dim moduleBuilder As ModuleBuilder = assemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule("MainModule")
    Dim tb As TypeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(typeSignature, TypeAttributes.[Public] Or TypeAttributes.[Class] Or TypeAttributes.AutoClass Or TypeAttributes.AnsiClass Or TypeAttributes.BeforeFieldInit Or TypeAttributes.AutoLayout, Nothing)
    Return tb
End Function

Private Shared Sub CreateProperty(tb As TypeBuilder, propertyName As String, propertyType As Type)
    Dim fieldBuilder As FieldBuilder = tb.DefineField("_" & propertyName, propertyType, FieldAttributes.[Private])

    Dim propertyBuilder As PropertyBuilder = tb.DefineProperty(propertyName, PropertyAttributes.HasDefault, propertyType, Nothing)
    Dim getPropMthdBldr As MethodBuilder = tb.DefineMethod("get_" & propertyName, MethodAttributes.[Public] Or MethodAttributes.SpecialName Or MethodAttributes.HideBySig, propertyType, Type.EmptyTypes)
    Dim getIl As ILGenerator = getPropMthdBldr.GetILGenerator()

    getIl.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0)
    getIl.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, fieldBuilder)
    getIl.Emit(OpCodes.Ret)

    Dim setPropMthdBldr As MethodBuilder = tb.DefineMethod("set_" & propertyName, MethodAttributes.[Public] Or MethodAttributes.SpecialName Or MethodAttributes.HideBySig, Nothing, {propertyType})

    Dim setIl As ILGenerator = setPropMthdBldr.GetILGenerator()
    Dim modifyProperty As Label = setIl.DefineLabel()
    Dim exitSet As Label = setIl.DefineLabel()

    setIl.MarkLabel(modifyProperty)
    setIl.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0)
    setIl.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1)
    setIl.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, fieldBuilder)

    setIl.Emit(OpCodes.Nop)
    setIl.MarkLabel(exitSet)
    setIl.Emit(OpCodes.Ret)

    propertyBuilder.SetGetMethod(getPropMthdBldr)
    propertyBuilder.SetSetMethod(setPropMthdBldr)
End Sub

End Class