DOS批处理中的逻辑操作符("and"， "or")

如何在DOS批处理文件中实现逻辑操作符?

当前回答

下面的例子展示了如何创建AND语句(用于为命令设置变量或包含参数)。

启动记事本并关闭CMD窗口:

start notepad.exe & exit

如果变量'a' = blah，则设置变量x、y和z的值。

IF "%a%"=="blah" (set x=1) & (set y=2) & (set z=3)

希望有帮助!

2011-11-30 19:48:35

其他回答

OR有点棘手，但也不过分。这里有一个例子

set var1=%~1
set var2=%~2
::
set or_=
if "%var1%"=="Stack" set or_=true
if "%var2%"=="Overflow" set or_=true
if defined or_ echo Stack OR Overflow

2012-07-23 03:50:19

IF语句不支持逻辑运算符AND和OR。级联IF语句构成隐式连词:

IF Exist File1.Dat IF Exist File2.Dat GOTO FILE12_EXIST_LABEL

如果存在File1.Dat和File2.Dat，则跳转到标签FILE12_EXIST_LABEL。

参见:IF /?

2010-01-26 22:34:45

如果你有兴趣在一个语句中写一个If +AND/OR，那么它没有任何一个。但是，你仍然可以将if与&&/||和(/)语句组合在一起，以实现你想在一行中w/o任何额外变量和w/o if-else块复制(TRUE和FALSE代码段的单个echo命令):

@echo off
    
setlocal
    
set "A=1" & set "B=2" & call :IF_AND
set "A=1" & set "B=3" & call :IF_AND
set "A=2" & set "B=2" & call :IF_AND
set "A=2" & set "B=3" & call :IF_AND
    
echo.
    
set "A=1" & set "B=2" & call :IF_OR
set "A=1" & set "B=3" & call :IF_OR
set "A=2" & set "B=2" & call :IF_OR
set "A=2" & set "B=3" & call :IF_OR
    
exit /b 0
    
:IF_OR
( ( if %A% EQU 1 ( type nul>nul ) else type 2>nul ) || ( if %B% EQU 2 ( type nul>nul ) else type 2>nul ) || ( echo.FALSE-& type 2>nul ) ) && echo TRUE+
    
exit /b 0
    
:IF_AND
( ( if %A% EQU 1 ( type nul>nul ) else type 2>nul ) && ( if %B% EQU 2 ( type nul>nul ) else type 2>nul ) && echo.TRUE+ ) || echo.FALSE-

    
exit /b 0

更统一的版本:

@echo off

setlocal

set "A=1" & set "B=2" & ( call :IF_AND "%%A%% EQU 1" "%%B%% EQU 2" && echo TRUE+ ) || echo FALSE-
set "A=1" & set "B=3" & ( call :IF_AND "%%A%% EQU 1" "%%B%% EQU 2" && echo TRUE+ ) || echo FALSE-
set "A=2" & set "B=2" & ( call :IF_AND "%%A%% EQU 1" "%%B%% EQU 2" && echo TRUE+ ) || echo FALSE-
set "A=2" & set "B=3" & ( call :IF_AND "%%A%% EQU 1" "%%B%% EQU 2" && echo TRUE+ ) || echo FALSE-

echo.

set "A=1" & set "B=2" & ( call :IF_OR "%%A%% EQU 1" "%%B%% EQU 2" && echo TRUE+ ) || echo FALSE-
set "A=1" & set "B=3" & ( call :IF_OR "%%A%% EQU 1" "%%B%% EQU 2" && echo TRUE+ ) || echo FALSE-
set "A=2" & set "B=2" & ( call :IF_OR "%%A%% EQU 1" "%%B%% EQU 2" && echo TRUE+ ) || echo FALSE-
set "A=2" & set "B=3" & ( call :IF_OR "%%A%% EQU 1" "%%B%% EQU 2" && echo TRUE+ ) || echo FALSE-

exit /b 0

:IF_OR
if %~1 ( exit /b 0 ) else if %~2 ( exit /b 0 ) else exit /b 1
exit /b -1

:IF_AND
if %~1 ( if %~2 ( exit /b 0 ) else exit /b 1 ) else exit /b 1
exit /b -1

输出:

TRUE+
FALSE-
FALSE-
FALSE-
    
TRUE+
TRUE+
TRUE+
FALSE-

诀窍在于type命令，它删除/设置errorlevel，从而处理到下一个命令的方式。

2017-07-22 14:50:43

你可以用嵌套条件做和:

if %age% geq 2 (
    if %age% leq 12 (
        set class=child
    )
)

or:

if %age% geq 2 if %age% leq 12 set class=child

你可以用一个单独的变量:

set res=F
if %hour% leq 6 set res=T
if %hour% geq 22 set res=T
if "%res%"=="T" (
    set state=asleep
)

注意，这个答案是针对cmd批处理语言定制的，在Windows中可以找到。你提到了“DOS批处理”，但是，基于几点，我认为前者的选择是一个安全的赌注(1)。

如果你真的是指原始的MS-DOS批处理语言，你应该记住If语句要简单得多，你可能需要使用If语句的块…Goto表示控制流，而不是(例如)括号或其他。

(1)以下几点支持:

The presence of the cmd and windows-console tags; Prior experience of some people failing to recognise the very real difference between cmd and MS-DOS batch languages, and conflating DOC with the cmd terminal window; The question using the more generic "DOS" rather than specifically "MS-DOS" (where "DOS" could possibly be any disk operating system; The fact this is Stack Overflow rather than the retro-computing sister site, where a question about MS-DOS would be way more appropriate (I'm often on that site as well, it's nice for those of us who remember and appreciate computer history); and The (eventual) acceptance of the answer by the original asker, indicating that the solution worked.

2010-01-26 23:07:27