我有一个对象x。我想将其复制为对象y,这样对y的更改不会修改x。我意识到复制从内置JavaScript对象派生的对象会导致额外的、不需要的财产。这不是问题,因为我正在复制我自己的一个文字构造对象。
如何正确克隆JavaScript对象?
我有一个对象x。我想将其复制为对象y,这样对y的更改不会修改x。我意识到复制从内置JavaScript对象派生的对象会导致额外的、不需要的财产。这不是问题,因为我正在复制我自己的一个文字构造对象。
如何正确克隆JavaScript对象?
当前回答
我最喜欢的优雅JS对象克隆解决方案是
function CloneObject() {}
function cloneObject(o) {
CloneObject.prototype = o;
return new CloneObject();
}
使用cloneObject(object)获取JS对象的克隆。
与许多复制解决方案不同,此克隆在克隆对象中保持原型关系。
其他回答
为了更好地理解对象的复制,这个示例性的jsbin可能很有用
class base {
get under(){return true}
}
class a extends base {}
const b = {
get b1(){return true},
b: true
}
console.log('Object assign')
let t1 = Object.create(b)
t1.x = true
const c = Object.assign(t1, new a())
console.log(c.b1 ? 'prop value copied': 'prop value gone')
console.log(c.x ? 'assigned value copied': 'assigned value gone')
console.log(c.under ? 'inheritance ok': 'inheritance gone')
console.log(c.b1 ? 'get value unchanged' : 'get value lost')
c.b1 = false
console.log(c.b1? 'get unchanged' : 'get lost')
console.log('-----------------------------------')
console.log('Object assign - order swopped')
t1 = Object.create(b)
t1.x = true
const d = Object.assign(new a(), t1)
console.log(d.b1 ? 'prop value copied': 'prop value gone')
console.log(d.x ? 'assigned value copied': 'assigned value gone')
console.log(d.under ? 'inheritance n/a': 'inheritance gone')
console.log(d.b1 ? 'get value copied' : 'get value lost')
d.b1 = false
console.log(d.b1? 'get copied' : 'get lost')
console.log('-----------------------------------')
console.log('Spread operator')
t1 = Object.create(b)
t2 = new a()
t1.x = true
const e = { ...t1, ...t2 }
console.log(e.b1 ? 'prop value copied': 'prop value gone')
console.log(e.x ? 'assigned value copied': 'assigned value gone')
console.log(e.under ? 'inheritance ok': 'inheritance gone')
console.log(e.b1 ? 'get value copied' : 'get value lost')
e.b1 = false
console.log(e.b1? 'get copied' : 'get lost')
console.log('-----------------------------------')
console.log('Spread operator on getPrototypeOf')
t1 = Object.create(b)
t2 = new a()
t1.x = true
const e1 = { ...Object.getPrototypeOf(t1), ...Object.getPrototypeOf(t2) }
console.log(e1.b1 ? 'prop value copied': 'prop value gone')
console.log(e1.x ? 'assigned value copied': 'assigned value gone')
console.log(e1.under ? 'inheritance ok': 'inheritance gone')
console.log(e1.b1 ? 'get value copied' : 'get value lost')
e1.b1 = false
console.log(e1.b1? 'get copied' : 'get lost')
console.log('-----------------------------------')
console.log('keys, defineProperty, getOwnPropertyDescriptor')
f = Object.create(b)
t2 = new a()
f.x = 'a'
Object.keys(t2).forEach(key=> {
Object.defineProperty(f,key,Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(t2, key))
})
console.log(f.b1 ? 'prop value copied': 'prop value gone')
console.log(f.x ? 'assigned value copied': 'assigned value gone')
console.log(f.under ? 'inheritance ok': 'inheritance gone')
console.log(f.b1 ? 'get value copied' : 'get value lost')
f.b1 = false
console.log(f.b1? 'get copied' : 'get lost')
console.log('-----------------------------------')
console.log('defineProperties, getOwnPropertyDescriptors')
let g = Object.create(b)
t2 = new a()
g.x = 'a'
Object.defineProperties(g,Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t2))
console.log(g.b1 ? 'prop value copied': 'prop value gone')
console.log(g.x ? 'assigned value copied': 'assigned value gone')
console.log(g.under ? 'inheritance ok': 'inheritance gone')
console.log(g.b1 ? 'get value copied' : 'get value lost')
g.b1 = false
console.log(g.b1? 'get copied' : 'get lost')
console.log('-----------------------------------')
可以使用rest运算符克隆阵列或对象
let myObj = {1: 100, 'a': 200};
let clone = {...myObj};
clone.a = 300;
console.log(clone.a) // Output :- 300
console.log(myObj.a) // Output :- 200
我不知道这在哪些情况下不起作用,但它给了我一个数组的副本。我觉得它很可爱:)希望它有帮助
copiedArr = origArr.filter(function(x){return true})
根据MDN:
如果要浅层复制,请使用Object.assign({},a)对于“深度”复制,请使用JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(a))
不需要外部库,但您需要首先检查浏览器兼容性。
我已经编写了自己的实现。不确定它是否算作更好的解决方案:
/*
a function for deep cloning objects that contains other nested objects and circular structures.
objects are stored in a 3D array, according to their length (number of properties) and their depth in the original object.
index (z)
|
|
|
|
|
| depth (x)
|_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
/_/_/_/_/_/_/_/_/_/
/_/_/_/_/_/_/_/_/_/
/_/_/_/_/_/_/...../
/................./
/..... /
/ /
/------------------
object length (y) /
*/
实施情况如下:
function deepClone(obj) {
var depth = -1;
var arr = [];
return clone(obj, arr, depth);
}
/**
*
* @param obj source object
* @param arr 3D array to store the references to objects
* @param depth depth of the current object relative to the passed 'obj'
* @returns {*}
*/
function clone(obj, arr, depth){
if (typeof obj !== "object") {
return obj;
}
var length = Object.keys(obj).length; // native method to get the number of properties in 'obj'
var result = Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(obj)); // inherit the prototype of the original object
if(result instanceof Array){
result.length = length;
}
depth++; // depth is increased because we entered an object here
arr[depth] = []; // this is the x-axis, each index here is the depth
arr[depth][length] = []; // this is the y-axis, each index is the length of the object (aka number of props)
// start the depth at current and go down, cyclic structures won't form on depths more than the current one
for(var x = depth; x >= 0; x--){
// loop only if the array at this depth and length already have elements
if(arr[x][length]){
for(var index = 0; index < arr[x][length].length; index++){
if(obj === arr[x][length][index]){
return obj;
}
}
}
}
arr[depth][length].push(obj); // store the object in the array at the current depth and length
for (var prop in obj) {
if (obj.hasOwnProperty(prop)) result[prop] = clone(obj[prop], arr, depth);
}
return result;
}