我用这个做彩色印刷

#!/bin/bash
#--------------------------------------------------------------------+
#Color picker, usage: printf $BLD$CUR$RED$BBLU'Hello World!'$DEF     |
#-------------------------+--------------------------------+---------+
#       Text color        |       Background color         |         |
#-----------+-------------+--------------+-----------------+         |
# Base color|Lighter shade| Base color   | Lighter shade   |         |
#-----------+-------------+--------------+-----------------+         |
BLK='\e[30m'; blk='\e[90m'; BBLK='\e[40m'; bblk='\e[100m' #| Black   |
RED='\e[31m'; red='\e[91m'; BRED='\e[41m'; bred='\e[101m' #| Red     |
GRN='\e[32m'; grn='\e[92m'; BGRN='\e[42m'; bgrn='\e[102m' #| Green   |
YLW='\e[33m'; ylw='\e[93m'; BYLW='\e[43m'; bylw='\e[103m' #| Yellow  |
BLU='\e[34m'; blu='\e[94m'; BBLU='\e[44m'; bblu='\e[104m' #| Blue    |
MGN='\e[35m'; mgn='\e[95m'; BMGN='\e[45m'; bmgn='\e[105m' #| Magenta |
CYN='\e[36m'; cyn='\e[96m'; BCYN='\e[46m'; bcyn='\e[106m' #| Cyan    |
WHT='\e[37m'; wht='\e[97m'; BWHT='\e[47m'; bwht='\e[107m' #| White   |
#-------------------------{ Effects }----------------------+---------+
DEF='\e[0m'   #Default color and effects                             |
BLD='\e[1m'   #Bold\brighter                                         |
DIM='\e[2m'   #Dim\darker                                            |
CUR='\e[3m'   #Italic font                                           |
UND='\e[4m'   #Underline                                             |
INV='\e[7m'   #Inverted                                              |
COF='\e[?25l' #Cursor Off                                            |
CON='\e[?25h' #Cursor On                                             |
#------------------------{ Functions }-------------------------------+
# Text positioning, usage: XY 10 10 'Hello World!'                   |
XY () { printf "\e[$2;${1}H$3"; }                                   #|
# Print line, usage: line - 10 | line -= 20 | line 'Hello World!' 20 |
line () { printf -v _L %$2s; printf -- "${_L// /$1}"; }             #|
# Create sequence like {0..(X-1)}                                    |
que () { printf -v _N %$1s; _N=(${_N// / 1}); printf "${!_N[*]}"; } #|
#--------------------------------------------------------------------+

所有的基本颜色都设置为vars，还有一些有用的函数：XY、line和que。将此脚本源于您的一个脚本，并使用所有颜色vars和函数。

灵感来自@nachoparker的回答，我的.bashrc中有这个：

#### colours
source xcol.sh

### tput foreground
export tpfn=$'\e[0m' # normal
export tpfb=$(tput bold)

## normal colours
export tpf0=$(tput setaf 0) # black
export tpf1=$(tput setaf 1) # red
export tpf2=$(tput setaf 2) # green
export tpf3=$(tput setaf 3) # yellow
export tpf4=$(tput setaf 4) # blue
export tpf5=$(tput setaf 5) # magenta
export tpf6=$(tput setaf 6) # cyan
export tpf7=$(tput setaf 7) # white
# echo "${tpf0}black ${tpf1}red ${tpf2}green ${tpf3}yellow ${tpf4}blue ${tpf5}magenta ${tpf6}cyan ${tpf7}white${tpfn}"

## bold colours
export tpf0b="$tpfb$tpf0" # bold black
export tpf1b="$tpfb$tpf1" # bold red
export tpf2b="$tpfb$tpf2" # bold green
export tpf3b="$tpfb$tpf3" # bold yellow
export tpf4b="$tpfb$tpf4" # bold blue
export tpf5b="$tpfb$tpf5" # bold magenta
export tpf6b="$tpfb$tpf6" # bold cyan
export tpf7b="$tpfb$tpf7" # bold white
# echo "${tpf0b}black ${tpf1b}red ${tpf2b}green ${tpf3b}yellow ${tpf4b}blue ${tpf5b}magenta ${tpf6b}cyan ${tpf7b}white${tpfn}"

出口允许我使用这些tpf。。在Bash脚本中。

为了可读性

如果要提高代码的可读性，可以先回显字符串，然后使用sed添加颜色：

echo 'Hello World!' | sed $'s/World/\e[1m&\e[0m/' 

其他的答案已经很好地解释了如何做到这一点。我仍然缺少的是对颜色代码的一个精心安排的概述。维基百科文章“ANSI转义码”对此非常有用。然而，由于颜色通常可以在每个终端中进行配置，并且看起来不同，所以我更希望有一个可以在终端中调用的功能。为此，我创建了以下函数来显示颜色表，并提醒我如何设置它们（排列方式受wiki文章的启发）。例如，您可以将它们加载到.bashrc/.zshrc中，或将它们作为脚本放在某处。

256色

由bash/zsh脚本生成：

function showcolors256() {
    local row col blockrow blockcol red green blue
    local showcolor=_showcolor256_${1:-bg}
    local white="\033[1;37m"
    local reset="\033[0m"

    echo -e "Set foreground color: \\\\033[38;5;${white}NNN${reset}m"
    echo -e "Set background color: \\\\033[48;5;${white}NNN${reset}m"
    echo -e "Reset color & style:  \\\\033[0m"
    echo

    echo 16 standard color codes:
    for row in {0..1}; do
        for col in {0..7}; do
            $showcolor $(( row*8 + col )) $row
        done
        echo
    done
    echo

    echo 6·6·6 RGB color codes:
    for blockrow in {0..2}; do
        for red in {0..5}; do
            for blockcol in {0..1}; do
                green=$(( blockrow*2 + blockcol ))
                for blue in {0..5}; do
                    $showcolor $(( red*36 + green*6 + blue + 16 )) $green
                done
                echo -n "  "
            done
            echo
        done
        echo
    done

    echo 24 grayscale color codes:
    for row in {0..1}; do
        for col in {0..11}; do
            $showcolor $(( row*12 + col + 232 )) $row
        done
        echo
    done
    echo
}

function _showcolor256_fg() {
    local code=$( printf %03d $1 )
    echo -ne "\033[38;5;${code}m"
    echo -nE " $code "
    echo -ne "\033[0m"
}

function _showcolor256_bg() {
    if (( $2 % 2 == 0 )); then
        echo -ne "\033[1;37m"
    else
        echo -ne "\033[0;30m"
    fi
    local code=$( printf %03d $1 )
    echo -ne "\033[48;5;${code}m"
    echo -nE " $code "
    echo -ne "\033[0m"
}

16种颜色

由bash/zsh脚本生成：

function showcolors16() {
    _showcolor "\033[0;30m" "\033[1;30m" "\033[40m" "\033[100m"
    _showcolor "\033[0;31m" "\033[1;31m" "\033[41m" "\033[101m"
    _showcolor "\033[0;32m" "\033[1;32m" "\033[42m" "\033[102m"
    _showcolor "\033[0;33m" "\033[1;33m" "\033[43m" "\033[103m"
    _showcolor "\033[0;34m" "\033[1;34m" "\033[44m" "\033[104m"
    _showcolor "\033[0;35m" "\033[1;35m" "\033[45m" "\033[105m"
    _showcolor "\033[0;36m" "\033[1;36m" "\033[46m" "\033[106m"
    _showcolor "\033[0;37m" "\033[1;37m" "\033[47m" "\033[107m"
}

function _showcolor() {
    for code in $@; do
        echo -ne "$code"
        echo -nE "   $code"
        echo -ne "   \033[0m  "
    done
    echo
}

这是我过去看到的所有组合，并决定哪一个读起来很酷：

for (( i = 0; i < 8; i++ )); do
    for (( j = 0; j < 8; j++ )); do
        printf "$(tput setab $i)$(tput setaf $j)(b=$i, f=$j)$(tput sgr0)\n"
    done
done

我应该使用tput，而不是硬编码特定于当前终端的转义码。

这是我最喜欢的演示脚本：

#!/bin/bash

tput init

end=$(( $(tput colors)-1 ))
w=8
for c in $(seq 0 $end); do
    eval "$(printf "tput setaf %3s   " "$c")"; echo -n "$_"
    [[ $c -ge $(( w*2 )) ]] && offset=2 || offset=0
    [[ $(((c+offset) % (w-offset))) -eq $(((w-offset)-1)) ]] && echo
done

tput init