按多个列排序，其中一些列按降序排序：cmps数组是cmp函数的全局数组，包含字段名，对于desc，inv==-1，对于asc

def cmpfun(a, b):
    for (name, inv) in cmps:
        res = cmp(a[name], b[name])
        if res != 0:
            return res * inv
    return 0

data = [
    dict(name='alice', age=10), 
    dict(name='baruch', age=9), 
    dict(name='alice', age=11),
]

all_cmps = [
    [('name', 1), ('age', -1)], 
    [('name', 1), ('age', 1)], 
    [('name', -1), ('age', 1)],]

print 'data:', data
for cmps in all_cmps: print 'sort:', cmps; print sorted(data, cmpfun)

a = [{'name':'Homer', 'age':39}, ...]

# This changes the list a
a.sort(key=lambda k : k['name'])

# This returns a new list (a is not modified)
sorted(a, key=lambda k : k['name']) 

使用Pandas包是另一种方法，尽管其大规模运行时比其他人提出的更传统的方法慢得多：

import pandas as pd

listOfDicts = [{'name':'Homer', 'age':39}, {'name':'Bart', 'age':10}]
df = pd.DataFrame(listOfDicts)
df = df.sort_values('name')
sorted_listOfDicts = df.T.to_dict().values()

下面是一个小列表和一个大（100k+）的字典列表的一些基准值：

setup_large = "listOfDicts = [];\
[listOfDicts.extend(({'name':'Homer', 'age':39}, {'name':'Bart', 'age':10})) for _ in range(50000)];\
from operator import itemgetter;import pandas as pd;\
df = pd.DataFrame(listOfDicts);"

setup_small = "listOfDicts = [];\
listOfDicts.extend(({'name':'Homer', 'age':39}, {'name':'Bart', 'age':10}));\
from operator import itemgetter;import pandas as pd;\
df = pd.DataFrame(listOfDicts);"

method1 = "newlist = sorted(listOfDicts, key=lambda k: k['name'])"
method2 = "newlist = sorted(listOfDicts, key=itemgetter('name')) "
method3 = "df = df.sort_values('name');\
sorted_listOfDicts = df.T.to_dict().values()"

import timeit
t = timeit.Timer(method1, setup_small)
print('Small Method LC: ' + str(t.timeit(100)))
t = timeit.Timer(method2, setup_small)
print('Small Method LC2: ' + str(t.timeit(100)))
t = timeit.Timer(method3, setup_small)
print('Small Method Pandas: ' + str(t.timeit(100)))

t = timeit.Timer(method1, setup_large)
print('Large Method LC: ' + str(t.timeit(100)))
t = timeit.Timer(method2, setup_large)
print('Large Method LC2: ' + str(t.timeit(100)))
t = timeit.Timer(method3, setup_large)
print('Large Method Pandas: ' + str(t.timeit(1)))

#Small Method LC: 0.000163078308105
#Small Method LC2: 0.000134944915771
#Small Method Pandas: 0.0712950229645
#Large Method LC: 0.0321750640869
#Large Method LC2: 0.0206089019775
#Large Method Pandas: 5.81405615807

您可以使用自定义比较函数，也可以传入计算自定义排序键的函数。这通常更有效，因为每个项只计算一次键，而比较函数将被调用多次。

你可以这样做：

def mykey(adict): return adict['name']
x = [{'name': 'Homer', 'age': 39}, {'name': 'Bart', 'age':10}]
sorted(x, key=mykey)

但是标准库包含一个获取任意对象项的通用例程：itemgetter。因此，请尝试以下操作：

from operator import itemgetter
x = [{'name': 'Homer', 'age': 39}, {'name': 'Bart', 'age':10}]
sorted(x, key=itemgetter('name'))

import operator
a_list_of_dicts.sort(key=operator.itemgetter('name'))

“key”用于按任意值排序，“itemgetter”将该值设置为每个项的“name”属性。

sorted（）函数接受key=参数

newlist = sorted(list_to_be_sorted, key=lambda d: d['name']) 

或者，您可以使用operator.itemgetter而不是自己定义函数

from operator import itemgetter
newlist = sorted(list_to_be_sorted, key=itemgetter('name')) 

为完整起见，添加reverse=True以降序排序

newlist = sorted(list_to_be_sorted, key=itemgetter('name'), reverse=True)