当组件被销毁时，你通常需要取消订阅，但随着我们的发展，Angular会越来越多地处理它，例如在Angular4的新小版本中，他们有这个部分用于路由取消订阅:

你需要取消订阅吗?如在 ActivatedRoute:一站式的路线信息部分 路由和导航页面，路由器管理它的观察对象 提供并本地化订阅。订阅是 当组件被破坏时进行清理，以防止内存 泄漏，所以你不需要从路由paramMap取消订阅 可观察到的。

下面的例子也是Angular中创建一个组件并销毁它的好例子，看看组件是如何实现OnDestroy的，如果你需要onInit，你也可以在你的组件中实现它，比如实现onInit, OnDestroy

import { Component, Input, OnDestroy } from '@angular/core';  
import { MissionService } from './mission.service';
import { Subscription }   from 'rxjs/Subscription';

@Component({
  selector: 'my-astronaut',
  template: `
    <p>
      {{astronaut}}: <strong>{{mission}}</strong>
      <button
        (click)="confirm()"
        [disabled]="!announced || confirmed">
        Confirm
      </button>
    </p>
  `
})

export class AstronautComponent implements OnDestroy {
  @Input() astronaut: string;
  mission = '<no mission announced>';
  confirmed = false;
  announced = false;
  subscription: Subscription;

  constructor(private missionService: MissionService) {
    this.subscription = missionService.missionAnnounced$.subscribe(
      mission => {
        this.mission = mission;
        this.announced = true;
        this.confirmed = false;
    });
  }

  confirm() {
    this.confirmed = true;
    this.missionService.confirmMission(this.astronaut);
  }

  ngOnDestroy() {
    // prevent memory leak when component destroyed
    this.subscription.unsubscribe();
  }
}

为了处理订阅，我使用了一个“Unsubscriber”类。

这里是退订类。

export class Unsubscriber implements OnDestroy {
  private subscriptions: Subscription[] = [];

  addSubscription(subscription: Subscription | Subscription[]) {
    if (Array.isArray(subscription)) {
      this.subscriptions.push(...subscription);
    } else {
      this.subscriptions.push(subscription);
    }
  }

  unsubscribe() {
    this.subscriptions
      .filter(subscription => subscription)
      .forEach(subscription => {
        subscription.unsubscribe();
      });
  }

  ngOnDestroy() {
    this.unsubscribe();
  }
}

你可以在任何组件/服务/效果等中使用这个类。

例子:

class SampleComponent extends Unsubscriber {
    constructor () {
        super();
    }

    this.addSubscription(subscription);
}

我喜欢最后两个答案，但我遇到了一个问题，如果子类引用“这个”在ngOnDestroy。

我把它修改成这样，看起来它解决了这个问题。

export abstract class BaseComponent implements OnDestroy {
    protected componentDestroyed$: Subject<boolean>;
    constructor() {
        this.componentDestroyed$ = new Subject<boolean>();
        let f = this.ngOnDestroy;
        this.ngOnDestroy = function()  {
            // without this I was getting an error if the subclass had
            // this.blah() in ngOnDestroy
            f.bind(this)();
            this.componentDestroyed$.next(true);
            this.componentDestroyed$.complete();
        };
    }
    /// placeholder of ngOnDestroy. no need to do super() call of extended class.
    ngOnDestroy() {}
}

你可以使用最新的订阅类来取消对Observable的订阅，代码不会那么乱。

我们可以用普通变量来做这个，但它会在每次新的订阅上覆盖上一次订阅，所以要避免这种情况，当你处理更多数量的可观察对象时，这种方法是非常有用的，以及像behaviour Subject和Subject这样的可观察对象类型

订阅

表示一个一次性资源，比如Observable的执行。订阅有一个重要的方法，即unsubscribe，它不接受参数，只处理订阅所持有的资源。

你可以用两种方式来使用它，

you can directly push the subscription to Subscription Array subscriptions:Subscription[] = []; ngOnInit(): void { this.subscription.push(this.dataService.getMessageTracker().subscribe((param: any) => { //... })); this.subscription.push(this.dataService.getFileTracker().subscribe((param: any) => { //... })); } ngOnDestroy(){ // prevent memory leak when component destroyed this.subscriptions.forEach(s => s.unsubscribe()); } using add() of Subscription subscriptions = new Subscription(); this.subscriptions.add(subscribeOne); this.subscriptions.add(subscribeTwo); ngOnDestroy() { this.subscriptions.unsubscribe(); }

订阅可以保存子订阅并安全地取消所有订阅。这个方法处理可能的错误(例如，如果任何子订阅为空)。

希望这能有所帮助。：）

对于每一个订阅，你都需要取消订阅。Advantage =>以防止状态变得过于沉重。

例如: 在组件1中:

import {UserService} from './user.service';

private user = {name: 'test', id: 1}

constructor(public userService: UserService) {
    this.userService.onUserChange.next(this.user);
}

在服务:

import {BehaviorSubject} from 'rxjs/BehaviorSubject';

public onUserChange: BehaviorSubject<any> = new BehaviorSubject({});

于component2:

import {Subscription} from 'rxjs/Subscription';
import {UserService} from './user.service';

private onUserChange: Subscription;

constructor(public userService: UserService) {
    this.onUserChange = this.userService.onUserChange.subscribe(user => {
        console.log(user);
    });
}

public ngOnDestroy(): void {
    // note: Here you have to be sure to unsubscribe to the subscribe item!
    this.onUserChange.unsubscribe();
}

我尝试了seangwright的解决方案(编辑3)

这对timer或interval创建的Observable不起作用。

然而，我用另一种方法让它工作:

import { Component, OnDestroy, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import 'rxjs/add/operator/takeUntil';
import { Subject } from 'rxjs/Subject';
import { Subscription } from 'rxjs/Subscription';
import 'rxjs/Rx';

import { MyThingService } from '../my-thing.service';

@Component({
   selector: 'my-thing',
   templateUrl: './my-thing.component.html'
})
export class MyThingComponent implements OnDestroy, OnInit {
   private subscriptions: Array<Subscription> = [];

  constructor(
     private myThingService: MyThingService,
   ) { }

  ngOnInit() {
    const newSubs = this.myThingService.getThings()
        .subscribe(things => console.log(things));
    this.subscriptions.push(newSubs);
  }

  ngOnDestroy() {
    for (const subs of this.subscriptions) {
      subs.unsubscribe();
   }
 }
}