官方的Edit #3答案(及其变体)工作得很好，但让我困惑的是围绕可观察订阅的业务逻辑的“混乱”。

下面是使用包装器的另一种方法。

警告:实验代码

文件subscribeAndGuard。ts用于创建一个新的Observable扩展来包装.subscribe()，并在其中包装ngOnDestroy()。 用法与.subscribe()相同，除了附加的第一个参数引用了组件。

import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
import { Subscription } from 'rxjs/Subscription';

const subscribeAndGuard = function(component, fnData, fnError = null, fnComplete = null) {

  // Define the subscription
  const sub: Subscription = this.subscribe(fnData, fnError, fnComplete);

  // Wrap component's onDestroy
  if (!component.ngOnDestroy) {
    throw new Error('To use subscribeAndGuard, the component must implement ngOnDestroy');
  }
  const saved_OnDestroy = component.ngOnDestroy;
  component.ngOnDestroy = () => {
    console.log('subscribeAndGuard.onDestroy');
    sub.unsubscribe();
    // Note: need to put original back in place
    // otherwise 'this' is undefined in component.ngOnDestroy
    component.ngOnDestroy = saved_OnDestroy;
    component.ngOnDestroy();

  };

  return sub;
};

// Create an Observable extension
Observable.prototype.subscribeAndGuard = subscribeAndGuard;

// Ref: https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/declaration-merging.html
declare module 'rxjs/Observable' {
  interface Observable<T> {
    subscribeAndGuard: typeof subscribeAndGuard;
  }
}

下面是一个带有两个订阅的组件，一个带有包装器，另一个没有。唯一需要注意的是，它必须实现OnDestroy(如果需要的话，它的主体是空的)，否则Angular就不知道调用被包装的版本。

import { Component, OnInit, OnDestroy } from '@angular/core';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';
import 'rxjs/Rx';
import './subscribeAndGuard';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-subscribing',
  template: '<h3>Subscribing component is active</h3>',
})
export class SubscribingComponent implements OnInit, OnDestroy {

  ngOnInit() {

    // This subscription will be terminated after onDestroy
    Observable.interval(1000)
      .subscribeAndGuard(this,
        (data) => { console.log('Guarded:', data); },
        (error) => { },
        (/*completed*/) => { }
      );

    // This subscription will continue after onDestroy
    Observable.interval(1000)
      .subscribe(
        (data) => { console.log('Unguarded:', data); },
        (error) => { },
        (/*completed*/) => { }
      );
  }

  ngOnDestroy() {
    console.log('SubscribingComponent.OnDestroy');
  }
}

演示活塞在这里

附加说明: Re Edit 3 -“官方”解决方案，这可以通过在订阅前使用takeWhile()而不是takeUntil()来简化，以及一个简单的布尔值而不是ngOnDestroy中的另一个Observable。

@Component({...})
export class SubscribingComponent implements OnInit, OnDestroy {

  iAmAlive = true;
  ngOnInit() {

    Observable.interval(1000)
      .takeWhile(() => { return this.iAmAlive; })
      .subscribe((data) => { console.log(data); });
  }

  ngOnDestroy() {
    this.iAmAlive = false;
  }
}

对于每一个订阅，你都需要取消订阅。Advantage =>以防止状态变得过于沉重。

例如: 在组件1中:

import {UserService} from './user.service';

private user = {name: 'test', id: 1}

constructor(public userService: UserService) {
    this.userService.onUserChange.next(this.user);
}

在服务:

import {BehaviorSubject} from 'rxjs/BehaviorSubject';

public onUserChange: BehaviorSubject<any> = new BehaviorSubject({});

于component2:

import {Subscription} from 'rxjs/Subscription';
import {UserService} from './user.service';

private onUserChange: Subscription;

constructor(public userService: UserService) {
    this.onUserChange = this.userService.onUserChange.subscribe(user => {
        console.log(user);
    });
}

public ngOnDestroy(): void {
    // note: Here you have to be sure to unsubscribe to the subscribe item!
    this.onUserChange.unsubscribe();
}

更新Angular 9和Rxjs 6解决方案

在Angular组件的ngDestroy生命周期中使用unsubscribe

class SampleComponent implements OnInit, OnDestroy {
  private subscriptions: Subscription;
  private sampleObservable$: Observable<any>;

  constructor () {}

  ngOnInit(){
    this.subscriptions = this.sampleObservable$.subscribe( ... );
  }

  ngOnDestroy() {
    this.subscriptions.unsubscribe();
  }
}

在Rxjs中使用takeUntil

class SampleComponent implements OnInit, OnDestroy {
  private unsubscribe$: new Subject<void>;
  private sampleObservable$: Observable<any>;

  constructor () {}

  ngOnInit(){
    this.subscriptions = this.sampleObservable$
    .pipe(takeUntil(this.unsubscribe$))
    .subscribe( ... );
  }

  ngOnDestroy() {
    this.unsubscribe$.next();
    this.unsubscribe$.complete();
  }
}

你在ngOnInit调用的一些动作，在组件init时只会发生一次。

class SampleComponent implements OnInit {

  private sampleObservable$: Observable<any>;

  constructor () {}

  ngOnInit(){
    this.subscriptions = this.sampleObservable$
    .pipe(take(1))
    .subscribe( ... );
  }
}

我们也有async管道。但是，这个是在模板上使用的(不是在Angular组件中)。

在我的情况下，我使用了@seanwright提出的解决方案的变化: https://github.com/NetanelBasal/ngx-take-until-destroy

这是ngx-rocket / starter-kit项目中使用的文件。你可以在这里访问until-destroyed.ts

组件看起来是这样的

/**
 * RxJS operator that unsubscribe from observables on destory.
 * Code forked from https://github.com/NetanelBasal/ngx-take-until-destroy
 *
 * IMPORTANT: Add the `untilDestroyed` operator as the last one to
 * prevent leaks with intermediate observables in the
 * operator chain.
 *
 * @param instance The parent Angular component or object instance.
 * @param destroyMethodName The method to hook on (default: 'ngOnDestroy').
 */
import { untilDestroyed } from '../../core/until-destroyed';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-example',
  templateUrl: './example.component.html'
})
export class ExampleComponent implements OnInit, OnDestroy {

  ngOnInit() {
    interval(1000)
        .pipe(untilDestroyed(this))
        .subscribe(val => console.log(val));

    // ...
  }


  // This method must be present, even if empty.
  ngOnDestroy() {
    // To protect you, an error will be thrown if it doesn't exist.
  }
}

上述情况的另一个简短补充是:

总是取消订阅，当订阅流中的新值不再需要或无关紧要时，它将导致更少的触发器数量，并在某些情况下提高性能。订阅的数据/事件不再存在，或者需要对全新流进行新订阅(刷新等)的组件就是取消订阅的好例子。

基于:使用类继承来钩子到Angular 2的组件生命周期

另一种通用方法:

导出抽象类UnsubscribeOnDestroy实现OnDestroy { protected d$: Subject<any>; 构造函数(){ 这一点。d$ = new Subject<void>(); const f = this.ngOnDestroy; 这一点。ngOnDestroy = () => { f (); this.d $ . next (); this.d .complete美元(); }; ｝ public ngOnDestroy() { / /空操作 ｝ ｝

并使用:

@ component ({ 选择器:“my-comp”, 模板:“ }) 导出类RsvpFormSaveComponent扩展UnsubscribeOnDestroy实现OnInit { 构造函数(){ 超级(); ｝ ngOnInit(): void { Observable.of (bla) .takeUntil (this.d $) .subscribe(val => console.log(val)); ｝ ｝