使用Node.js 10 + ES6:

import path from 'path';
import fs from 'fs';

(async () => {
  const dir = path.join(__dirname, 'upload');

  try {
    await fs.promises.mkdir(dir);
  } catch (error) {
    if (error.code === 'EEXIST') {
      // Something already exists, but is it a file or directory?
      const lstat = await fs.promises.lstat(dir);

      if (!lstat.isDirectory()) {
        throw error;
      }
    } else {
      throw error;
    }
  }
})();

使用Node.js 10 + ES6:

import path from 'path';
import fs from 'fs';

(async () => {
  const dir = path.join(__dirname, 'upload');

  try {
    await fs.promises.mkdir(dir);
  } catch (error) {
    if (error.code === 'EEXIST') {
      // Something already exists, but is it a file or directory?
      const lstat = await fs.promises.lstat(dir);

      if (!lstat.isDirectory()) {
        throw error;
      }
    } else {
      throw error;
    }
  }
})();

一行解决方案:如果目录不存在，则创建该目录

// import
const fs = require('fs')  // In JavaScript
import * as fs from "fs"  // in TypeScript
import fs from "fs"       // in Typescript

// Use
!fs.existsSync(`./assets/`) && fs.mkdirSync(`./assets/`, { recursive: true })

从文档中可以看出，这是你异步(和递归)做这件事的方式:

const fs = require('fs');
const fsPromises = fs.promises;

fsPromises.access(dir, fs.constants.F_OK)
   .catch(async() => {
                await fs.mkdir(dir, { recursive: true }, function(err) {
                    if (err) {
                      console.log(err)
                    }
                  })
    });

下面是一个递归创建目录的小函数:

const createDir = (dir) => {
  // This will create a dir given a path such as './folder/subfolder' 
  const splitPath = dir.split('/');
  splitPath.reduce((path, subPath) => {
    let currentPath;
    if(subPath != '.'){
      currentPath = path + '/' + subPath;
      if (!fs.existsSync(currentPath)){
        fs.mkdirSync(currentPath);
      }
    }
    else{
      currentPath = subPath;
    }
    return currentPath
  }, '')
}

最好的解决方案是使用名为node-fs-extra的npm模块。它有一个名为mkdir的方法，用于创建您提到的目录。如果您给出一个较长的目录路径，它将自动创建父文件夹。这个模块是npm模块fs的超集，所以如果你添加了这个模块，你也可以使用fs中的所有函数。