Fs.exist()已弃用。所以我使用fs.stat()来检查目录状态。如果目录不存在，fs.stat()抛出一个错误，并显示类似'没有这样的文件或目录'的消息。然后我创建了一个目录。

const fs = require('fs').promises;

const dir = './dir';
fs.stat(dir).catch(async (err) => {
  if (err.message.includes('no such file or directory')) {
    await fs.mkdir(dir);
  }
});

解决方案

CommonJS

const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');

const dir = path.resolve(path.join(__dirname, 'upload');

if (!fs.existsSync(dir)) {
  fs.mkdirSync(dir);
}

// OR
if (!fs.existsSync(dir)) {
  fs.mkdirSync(dir, {
    mode: 0o744, // Not supported on Windows. Default: 0o777
  });
}

ESM

更新您的包。Json文件配置

{
  // declare using ECMAScript modules(ESM)
  "type": "module",
  //...
}

import fs from 'fs';
import path from 'path';
import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';

// create one custom `__dirname`, because it does not exist in es-module env ⚠️
const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
const __dirname = path.dirname(__filename);
const dir = path.resolve(path.join(__dirname, 'upload');

if (!fs.existsSync(dir)) {
  fs.mkdirSync(dir);
}

// OR
if (!fs.existsSync(dir)) {
  fs.mkdirSync(dir, {
    mode: 0o744, // Not supported on Windows. Default: 0o777
  });
}

更新2022

import { existsSync } from 'node:fs';

refs

NodeJS版本:v18.2.0

https://nodejs.org/api/fs.html#fsexistssyncpath

https://nodejs.org/api/fs.html#fsmkdirsyncpath-options

https://nodejs.org/api/url.html#urlfileurltopathurl

https://github.com/nodejs/help/issues/2907#issuecomment-757446568

ESM: ECMAScript模块

https://nodejs.org/api/esm.html#introduction

使用Node.js 10 + ES6:

import path from 'path';
import fs from 'fs';

(async () => {
  const dir = path.join(__dirname, 'upload');

  try {
    await fs.promises.mkdir(dir);
  } catch (error) {
    if (error.code === 'EEXIST') {
      // Something already exists, but is it a file or directory?
      const lstat = await fs.promises.lstat(dir);

      if (!lstat.isDirectory()) {
        throw error;
      }
    } else {
      throw error;
    }
  }
})();

适用于v10及以上节点

正如一些回答指出的那样，从节点10开始，您可以对mkdir使用recursive:true

还没有指出的是，当使用recursive:true时，如果目录已经存在，mkdir不会返回错误。

所以你可以这样做:

fsNative.mkdir(dirPath,{recursive:true},(err) => {
    if(err) {
        //note: this does NOT get triggered if the directory already existed
        console.warn(err)
    }
    else{
        //directory now exists 
    }
})

使用承诺

此外，从节点10开始，您可以通过从fs/promises中要求获得所有fs函数的Promise版本

所以把这两件事放在一起，你就得到了这个简单的解决方案:

import * as fs from 'fs/promises';

await fs.mkdir(dirPath, {recursive:true}).catch((err) => {
    //decide what you want to do if this failed
    console.error(err);
});

//directory now exists

下面是一个递归创建目录的小函数:

const createDir = (dir) => {
  // This will create a dir given a path such as './folder/subfolder' 
  const splitPath = dir.split('/');
  splitPath.reduce((path, subPath) => {
    let currentPath;
    if(subPath != '.'){
      currentPath = path + '/' + subPath;
      if (!fs.existsSync(currentPath)){
        fs.mkdirSync(currentPath);
      }
    }
    else{
      currentPath = subPath;
    }
    return currentPath
  }, '')
}

对于个人dirs:

var fs = require('fs');
var dir = './tmp';

if (!fs.existsSync(dir)){
    fs.mkdirSync(dir);
}

或者，对于嵌套的dirs:

var fs = require('fs');
var dir = './tmp/but/then/nested';

if (!fs.existsSync(dir)){
    fs.mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });
}