OpenID、OAuth、OpenID Connect的区别解释:

OpenID is a protocol for authentication while OAuth is for authorization. Authentication is about making sure that the guy you are talking to is indeed who he claims to be. Authorization is about deciding what that guy should be allowed to do. In OpenID, authentication is delegated: server A wants to authenticate user U, but U's credentials (e.g. U's name and password) are sent to another server, B, that A trusts (at least, trusts for authenticating users). Indeed, server B makes sure that U is indeed U, and then tells to A: "ok, that's the genuine U". In OAuth, authorization is delegated: entity A obtains from entity B an "access right" which A can show to server S to be granted access; B can thus deliver temporary, specific access keys to A without giving them too much power. You can imagine an OAuth server as the key master in a big hotel; he gives to employees keys which open the doors of the rooms that they are supposed to enter, but each key is limited (it does not give access to all rooms); furthermore, the keys self-destruct after a few hours. To some extent, authorization can be abused into some pseudo-authentication, on the basis that if entity A obtains from B an access key through OAuth, and shows it to server S, then server S may infer that B authenticated A before granting the access key. So some people use OAuth where they should be using OpenID. This schema may or may not be enlightening; but I think this pseudo-authentication is more confusing than anything. OpenID Connect does just that: it abuses OAuth into an authentication protocol. In the hotel analogy: if I encounter a purported employee and that person shows me that he has a key which opens my room, then I suppose that this is a true employee, on the basis that the key master would not have given him a key which opens my room if he was not.

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OpenID Connect与OpenID 2.0有何不同? OpenID Connect执行许多与OpenID 2.0相同的任务，但确实如此 以一种api友好的方式，在本地和移动设备上都可用 应用程序。OpenID Connect为健壮性定义了可选机制 签名和加密。而OAuth 1.0a和OpenID的集成 2.0需要一个扩展，在OpenID连接中，OAuth 2.0功能与协议本身集成。

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OpenID connect will give you an access token plus an id token. The id token is a JWT and contains information about the authenticated user. It is signed by the identity provider and can be read and verified without accessing the identity provider. In addition, OpenID connect standardizes quite a couple things that oauth2 leaves up to choice. for instance scopes, endpoint discovery, and dynamic registration of clients. This makes it easier to write code that lets the user choose between multiple identity providers.

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谷歌是2.0版的

谷歌的OAuth 2.0 api可用于身份验证和 授权。本文档描述了我们的OAuth 2.0实现 用于身份验证，符合OpenID Connect 规范，并且是OpenID认证。在 “OAuth 2.0访问谷歌接口”也适用于本业务。如果 如果您想以交互方式探索此协议，我们推荐 谷歌OAuth 2.0游乐场。

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很多人仍然访问这个网站，这里有一个非常简单的图表来解释它

礼貌维基百科

如果您的用户只是想登录Facebook或Twitter，请使用OAuth。如果您的用户是运行自己的OpenID提供者的用户，请使用OpenID，因为他们“不希望其他人拥有自己的身份”。

OAuth在授权之上构建身份验证:用户将对其身份的访问委托给应用程序，然后应用程序成为身份API的消费者，从而找出是谁首先授权了客户端http://oauth.net/articles/authentication/

OpenID是由OpenID基金会控制的一个开放标准和分散的身份验证协议。 OAuth是访问授权的开放标准。 OpenID连接(OIDC)结合了OpenID和OAuth的特性，即同时进行身份验证和授权。

OpenID采用由某个“OpenID提供者”即身份提供者(idP)管理的唯一URI的形式。

OAuth可以与XACML结合使用，其中OAuth用于所有权同意和访问委托，而XACML用于定义授权策略。

OIDC使用简单的JSON Web令牌(JWT)，您可以使用符合OAuth 2.0规范的流来获得它。OAuth与OIDC直接相关，因为OIDC是建立在OAuth 2.0之上的身份验证层。

例如，如果您选择使用谷歌帐户登录到Auth0，那么您使用的是OIDC。一旦您成功地使用谷歌进行身份验证并授权Auth0访问您的信息，谷歌将向Auth0发送有关用户和所执行的身份验证的信息。该信息以JSON Web令牌(JWT)的形式返回。您将收到一个访问令牌，如果需要，还会收到一个ID令牌。令牌类型:源:OpenID连接

类比: 一个组织使用ID卡作为识别目的，它包含芯片，它存储关于员工的详细信息以及授权，即校园/大门/ODC访问。ID卡作为OIDC，芯片作为OAuth。更多的例子和形式wiki

我相信重新审视这个问题是有意义的，正如评论中所指出的，OpenID Connect的引入可能带来更多的困惑。

OpenID Connect是一种类似于OpenID 1.0/2.0的身份验证协议，但它实际上构建在OAuth 2.0之上，因此您将获得授权功能和身份验证功能。这两者之间的区别在这篇(相对较新的，但很重要的)文章中有很好的详细解释:http://oauth.net/articles/authentication/