我真的在试图理解OpenID和OAuth之间的区别?也许它们是完全不同的两件事?
当前回答
OpenID是关于身份验证的。证明你是谁),OAuth是关于授权(即。授予对功能/数据等的访问权。而不必处理原始的身份验证)。
OAuth可以在外部合作伙伴站点中使用,允许访问受保护的数据,而无需重新对用户进行身份验证。
博客文章“从用户的角度看OpenID与OAuth”从用户的角度对两者进行了简单的比较,而“OAuth-OpenID:如果你认为它们是同一件事,你就找错了对象”有更多的信息。
其他回答
现在OpenID连接是最相关的,所以我将解释OpenID连接和OAuth 2之间的区别。
OpenID connect指定IDToken标准:https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#IDToken
这是OpenID连接的主要贡献。因此,它指定了身份验证完成后响应中应该包含的内容。
IDToken需要是JWT令牌,并包含用户的信息,如用户id、用户名等。返回的信息取决于授权时传递的请求。它还包含令牌的过期日期,并且应该包含令牌的数字签名。此签名用于使用公钥验证令牌。
第二大差异与公钥有关。OpenID连接使用所谓的发现或众所周知的端点。它是一个公开开放的端点,只返回一个带有公钥和授权端点等值的JSON。
https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#SelfIssuedDiscovery
因此OpenID本质上是与身份验证相关的,因为它指定了IDToken,这是通过检查数字签名和IDToken的过期日期来验证用户身份所必需的。
OAuth处理授权,特别是与作用域和验证资源服务器上的访问令牌相关的授权。
但是,正如这里所写的,OpenID使用OAuth 2授权进行身份验证。
https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#AuthRequest
身份验证请求是OAuth 2.0授权请求,它请求授权服务器对最终用户进行身份验证。
简而言之,尝试将OpenID视为使用JWT令牌的身份验证,将OAuth视为具有作用域的授权。
OpenID(主要)用于识别/身份验证,这样stackoverflow.com就知道我拥有chris.boyle.name(或任何位置),因此我可能就是昨天拥有chris.boyle.name并获得一些声誉点的同一个人。
OAuth是为授权代表您执行操作而设计的,因此stackoverflow.com(或任何地方)可以请求许可,例如,自动代表您发送Tweet,而不需要知道您的Twitter密码。
OpenID、OAuth、OpenID Connect的区别解释:
OpenID is a protocol for authentication while OAuth is for authorization. Authentication is about making sure that the guy you are talking to is indeed who he claims to be. Authorization is about deciding what that guy should be allowed to do. In OpenID, authentication is delegated: server A wants to authenticate user U, but U's credentials (e.g. U's name and password) are sent to another server, B, that A trusts (at least, trusts for authenticating users). Indeed, server B makes sure that U is indeed U, and then tells to A: "ok, that's the genuine U". In OAuth, authorization is delegated: entity A obtains from entity B an "access right" which A can show to server S to be granted access; B can thus deliver temporary, specific access keys to A without giving them too much power. You can imagine an OAuth server as the key master in a big hotel; he gives to employees keys which open the doors of the rooms that they are supposed to enter, but each key is limited (it does not give access to all rooms); furthermore, the keys self-destruct after a few hours. To some extent, authorization can be abused into some pseudo-authentication, on the basis that if entity A obtains from B an access key through OAuth, and shows it to server S, then server S may infer that B authenticated A before granting the access key. So some people use OAuth where they should be using OpenID. This schema may or may not be enlightening; but I think this pseudo-authentication is more confusing than anything. OpenID Connect does just that: it abuses OAuth into an authentication protocol. In the hotel analogy: if I encounter a purported employee and that person shows me that he has a key which opens my room, then I suppose that this is a true employee, on the basis that the key master would not have given him a key which opens my room if he was not.
(源)
OpenID Connect与OpenID 2.0有何不同? OpenID Connect执行许多与OpenID 2.0相同的任务,但确实如此 以一种api友好的方式,在本地和移动设备上都可用 应用程序。OpenID Connect为健壮性定义了可选机制 签名和加密。而OAuth 1.0a和OpenID的集成 2.0需要一个扩展,在OpenID连接中,OAuth 2.0功能与协议本身集成。
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OpenID connect will give you an access token plus an id token. The id token is a JWT and contains information about the authenticated user. It is signed by the identity provider and can be read and verified without accessing the identity provider. In addition, OpenID connect standardizes quite a couple things that oauth2 leaves up to choice. for instance scopes, endpoint discovery, and dynamic registration of clients. This makes it easier to write code that lets the user choose between multiple identity providers.
(源)
谷歌是2.0版的
谷歌的OAuth 2.0 api可用于身份验证和 授权。本文档描述了我们的OAuth 2.0实现 用于身份验证,符合OpenID Connect 规范,并且是OpenID认证。在 “OAuth 2.0访问谷歌接口”也适用于本业务。如果 如果您想以交互方式探索此协议,我们推荐 谷歌OAuth 2.0游乐场。
(源)
我相信重新审视这个问题是有意义的,正如评论中所指出的,OpenID Connect的引入可能带来更多的困惑。
OpenID Connect是一种类似于OpenID 1.0/2.0的身份验证协议,但它实际上构建在OAuth 2.0之上,因此您将获得授权功能和身份验证功能。这两者之间的区别在这篇(相对较新的,但很重要的)文章中有很好的详细解释:http://oauth.net/articles/authentication/
OpenID是关于身份验证的。证明你是谁),OAuth是关于授权(即。授予对功能/数据等的访问权。而不必处理原始的身份验证)。
OAuth可以在外部合作伙伴站点中使用,允许访问受保护的数据,而无需重新对用户进行身份验证。
博客文章“从用户的角度看OpenID与OAuth”从用户的角度对两者进行了简单的比较,而“OAuth-OpenID:如果你认为它们是同一件事,你就找错了对象”有更多的信息。