在一个使用AJAX调用的web应用程序中,我需要提交一个请求,但在URL的末尾添加一个参数,例如:

原始URL:

http://server/myapp.php?id=10

导致的网址:

http://server/myapp.php?id=10&enabled=true

寻找一个JavaScript函数,该函数解析URL并查看每个参数,然后添加新参数或更新已经存在的值。


当前回答

试一试 正则表达式,如此之慢,因此:

var SetParamUrl = function(_k, _v) {// replace and add new parameters

    let arrParams = window.location.search !== '' ? decodeURIComponent(window.location.search.substr(1)).split('&').map(_v => _v.split('=')) : Array();
    let index = arrParams.findIndex((_v) => _v[0] === _k); 
    index = index !== -1 ? index : arrParams.length;
    _v === null ? arrParams = arrParams.filter((_v, _i) => _i != index) : arrParams[index] = [_k, _v];
    let _search = encodeURIComponent(arrParams.map(_v => _v.join('=')).join('&'));

    let newurl = window.location.protocol + "//" + window.location.host + window.location.pathname + (arrParams.length > 0 ? '?' +  _search : ''); 

    // window.location = newurl; //reload 

    if (history.pushState) { // without reload  
        window.history.pushState({path:newurl}, null, newurl);
    }

};

var GetParamUrl = function(_k) {// get parameter by key

    let sPageURL = decodeURIComponent(window.location.search.substr(1)),
        sURLVariables = sPageURL.split('&').map(_v => _v.split('='));
    let _result = sURLVariables.find(_v => _v[0] === _k);
    return _result[1];

};

例子:

        // https://some.com/some_path
        GetParamUrl('cat');//undefined
        SetParamUrl('cat', "strData");// https://some.com/some_path?cat=strData
        GetParamUrl('cat');//strData
        SetParamUrl('sotr', "strDataSort");// https://some.com/some_path?cat=strData&sotr=strDataSort
        GetParamUrl('sotr');//strDataSort
        SetParamUrl('cat', "strDataTwo");// https://some.com/some_path?cat=strDataTwo&sotr=strDataSort
        GetParamUrl('cat');//strDataTwo
        //remove param
        SetParamUrl('cat', null);// https://some.com/some_path?sotr=strDataSort

其他回答

它处理这样的URL:

空 没有任何参数 已经有一些参数 有什么?在最后,但同时没有任何参数

它不处理这样的URL:

带有片段标识符(即散列,#) 如果URL已经有必要的查询参数(那么将会有重复)

适用于:

Chrome 32 + 火狐26 + 野生动物园7.1 +

function appendQueryParameter(url, name, value) {
    if (url.length === 0) {
        return;
    }

    let rawURL = url;

    // URL with `?` at the end and without query parameters
    // leads to incorrect result.
    if (rawURL.charAt(rawURL.length - 1) === "?") {
        rawURL = rawURL.slice(0, rawURL.length - 1);
    }

    const parsedURL = new URL(rawURL);
    let parameters = parsedURL.search;

    parameters += (parameters.length === 0) ? "?" : "&";
    parameters = (parameters + name + "=" + value);

    return (parsedURL.origin + parsedURL.pathname + parameters);
}

使用ES6模板字符串的版本。

适用于:

Chrome 41 + 火狐32 + 野生动物园9.1 +

function appendQueryParameter(url, name, value) {
    if (url.length === 0) {
        return;
    }

    let rawURL = url;

    // URL with `?` at the end and without query parameters
    // leads to incorrect result.
    if (rawURL.charAt(rawURL.length - 1) === "?") {
        rawURL = rawURL.slice(0, rawURL.length - 1);
    }

    const parsedURL = new URL(rawURL);
    let parameters = parsedURL.search;

    parameters += (parameters.length === 0) ? "?" : "&";
    parameters = `${parameters}${name}=${value}`;

    return `${parsedURL.origin}${parsedURL.pathname}${parameters}`;
}

试一试 正则表达式,如此之慢,因此:

var SetParamUrl = function(_k, _v) {// replace and add new parameters

    let arrParams = window.location.search !== '' ? decodeURIComponent(window.location.search.substr(1)).split('&').map(_v => _v.split('=')) : Array();
    let index = arrParams.findIndex((_v) => _v[0] === _k); 
    index = index !== -1 ? index : arrParams.length;
    _v === null ? arrParams = arrParams.filter((_v, _i) => _i != index) : arrParams[index] = [_k, _v];
    let _search = encodeURIComponent(arrParams.map(_v => _v.join('=')).join('&'));

    let newurl = window.location.protocol + "//" + window.location.host + window.location.pathname + (arrParams.length > 0 ? '?' +  _search : ''); 

    // window.location = newurl; //reload 

    if (history.pushState) { // without reload  
        window.history.pushState({path:newurl}, null, newurl);
    }

};

var GetParamUrl = function(_k) {// get parameter by key

    let sPageURL = decodeURIComponent(window.location.search.substr(1)),
        sURLVariables = sPageURL.split('&').map(_v => _v.split('='));
    let _result = sURLVariables.find(_v => _v[0] === _k);
    return _result[1];

};

例子:

        // https://some.com/some_path
        GetParamUrl('cat');//undefined
        SetParamUrl('cat', "strData");// https://some.com/some_path?cat=strData
        GetParamUrl('cat');//strData
        SetParamUrl('sotr', "strDataSort");// https://some.com/some_path?cat=strData&sotr=strDataSort
        GetParamUrl('sotr');//strDataSort
        SetParamUrl('cat', "strDataTwo");// https://some.com/some_path?cat=strDataTwo&sotr=strDataSort
        GetParamUrl('cat');//strDataTwo
        //remove param
        SetParamUrl('cat', null);// https://some.com/some_path?sotr=strDataSort

我喜欢穆罕穆德·法提赫·耶尔达兹的回答,即使他没有回答整个问题。

在他回答的同一行中,我使用了这样的代码:

“它不控制参数的存在,也不改变现有的值。它把你的参数加到最后"

  /** add a parameter at the end of the URL. Manage '?'/'&', but not the existing parameters.
   *  does escape the value (but not the key)
   */
  function addParameterToURL(_url,_key,_value){
      var param = _key+'='+escape(_value);

      var sep = '&';
      if (_url.indexOf('?') < 0) {
        sep = '?';
      } else {
        var lastChar=_url.slice(-1);
        if (lastChar == '&') sep='';
        if (lastChar == '?') sep='';
      }
      _url += sep + param;

      return _url;
  }

测试者:

  /*
  function addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,key,value){
    //log(_url);
    log(addParameterToURL(_url,key,value));
  }

  function addParameterToURL_TESTER(){
    log('-------------------');
    var _url ='www.google.com';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','Text Value');
    _url ='www.google.com?';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');
    _url ='www.google.com?A=B';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');
    _url ='www.google.com?A=B&';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');
    _url ='www.google.com?A=1&B=2';
    addParameterToURL_TESTER_sub(_url,'key','value');

  }//*/

我有一个'类',这是:

function QS(){
    this.qs = {};
    var s = location.search.replace( /^\?|#.*$/g, '' );
    if( s ) {
        var qsParts = s.split('&');
        var i, nv;
        for (i = 0; i < qsParts.length; i++) {
            nv = qsParts[i].split('=');
            this.qs[nv[0]] = nv[1];
        }
    }
}

QS.prototype.add = function( name, value ) {
    if( arguments.length == 1 && arguments[0].constructor == Object ) {
        this.addMany( arguments[0] );
        return;
    }
    this.qs[name] = value;
}

QS.prototype.addMany = function( newValues ) {
    for( nv in newValues ) {
        this.qs[nv] = newValues[nv];
    }
}

QS.prototype.remove = function( name ) {
    if( arguments.length == 1 && arguments[0].constructor == Array ) {
        this.removeMany( arguments[0] );
        return;
    }
    delete this.qs[name];
}

QS.prototype.removeMany = function( deleteNames ) {
    var i;
    for( i = 0; i < deleteNames.length; i++ ) {
        delete this.qs[deleteNames[i]];
    }
}

QS.prototype.getQueryString = function() {
    var nv, q = [];
    for( nv in this.qs ) {
        q[q.length] = nv+'='+this.qs[nv];
    }
    return q.join( '&' );
}

QS.prototype.toString = QS.prototype.getQueryString;

//examples
//instantiation
var qs = new QS;
alert( qs );

//add a sinle name/value
qs.add( 'new', 'true' );
alert( qs );

//add multiple key/values
qs.add( { x: 'X', y: 'Y' } );
alert( qs );

//remove single key
qs.remove( 'new' )
alert( qs );

//remove multiple keys
qs.remove( ['x', 'bogus'] )
alert( qs );

我已经重写了toString方法,所以不需要调用QS::getQueryString,你可以使用QS::toString,或者像我在示例中所做的那样,仅仅依赖于对象被强制转换为字符串。

如果你在链接或其他地方弄乱了url,你可能也必须考虑哈希。这里有一个相当容易理解的解决方案。可能不是最快的,因为它使用正则表达式…但在99.999%的情况下,这种差异真的不重要!

function addQueryParam( url, key, val ){
    var parts = url.match(/([^?#]+)(\?[^#]*)?(\#.*)?/);
    var url = parts[1];
    var qs = parts[2] || '';
    var hash = parts[3] || '';

    if ( !qs ) {
        return url + '?' + key + '=' + encodeURIComponent( val ) + hash;
    } else {
        var qs_parts = qs.substr(1).split("&");
        var i;
        for (i=0;i<qs_parts.length;i++) {
            var qs_pair = qs_parts[i].split("=");
            if ( qs_pair[0] == key ){
                qs_parts[ i ] = key + '=' + encodeURIComponent( val );
                break;
            }
        }
        if ( i == qs_parts.length ){
            qs_parts.push( key + '=' + encodeURIComponent( val ) );
        }
        return url + '?' + qs_parts.join('&') + hash;
    }
}