来自Perl,我肯定错过了在源代码中创建多行字符串的“here-document”方法:
$string = <<"EOF" # create a three-line string
text
text
text
EOF
在Java中,当我从头开始连接多行字符串时,我必须在每一行上使用繁琐的引号和加号。
有什么更好的选择吗?在属性文件中定义我的字符串?
编辑:有两个答案说StringBuilder.append()比加号更可取。谁能详细解释一下他们为什么这么想?在我看来,这一点也不可取。我正在寻找一种方法来解决多行字符串不是一级语言结构这一事实,这意味着我绝对不想用方法调用取代一级语言结构(字符串连接与加号)。
编辑:为了进一步澄清我的问题,我根本不关心性能。我关心的是可维护性和设计问题。
这是一个老线程,但是一个新的非常优雅的解决方案(只有4个或3个小缺点)是使用自定义注释。
查询:http://www.adrianwalker.org/2011/12/java-multiline-string.html
受此启发的一个项目托管在GitHub上:
https://github.com/benelog/multiline
Java代码示例:
import org.adrianwalker.multilinestring.Multiline;
...
public final class MultilineStringUsage {
/**
<html>
<head/>
<body>
<p>
Hello<br/>
Multiline<br/>
World<br/>
</p>
</body>
</html>
*/
@Multiline
private static String html;
public static void main(final String[] args) {
System.out.println(html);
}
}
缺点是
您必须激活相应的(提供的)注释
处理器。
该字符串变量不能定义为局部变量检查原始字符串字面量项目,其中您可以将变量定义为局部变量
字符串不能像在Visual Basic .Net中那样包含其他变量
使用XML文本(<%=变量%>):-)
字符串文字由JavaDoc注释(/**)分隔
而且您可能必须配置Eclipse/Intellij-Idea,使其不会自动重新格式化Javadoc注释。
有人可能会觉得这很奇怪(Javadoc注释并不是为嵌入注释以外的任何内容而设计的),但由于Java中缺少多行字符串确实令人讨厌,因此我认为这是最不糟糕的解决方案。
这个问题有两个答案:
In you want to stick to pure Java, with Java 14 being released in March 2020, you can leverage the JEP 368 - Text Blocks, in Second Preview mode. Actually the feature is in preview mode in other releases (at least 13 has it). I created and example set here.
While this feature is useful, it can be easily abused. Remember that Java requires compilation - having large character arrays in your code can be an easy way to shoot yourself in the leg (if you want a quick change, you will need recompilation - that toolset might not be available to the guy operating your application).
根据我的经验,建议在配置文件中保留大字符串(通常是应用程序操作员可以/应该在运行时更改的字符串)。
总结:负责地使用文本块:)。
我还没有看到的另一个答案是java.io.PrintWriter。
StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(stringWriter);
writer.println("It was the best of times, it was the worst of times");
writer.println("it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness,");
writer.println("it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity,");
writer.println("it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness,");
writer.println("it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair,");
writer.println("we had everything before us, we had nothing before us");
String string = stringWriter.toString();
此外,java.io.BufferedWriter有一个newLine()方法的事实也未被提及。