我用RxJava的解决方案:

@Test(expectedExceptions = TestException.class)
public void testGetNonexistentEntry() throws Exception
{
    // using this to work around the limitation where the errors in onError (in subscribe method)
    // cannot be thrown out to the main thread
    AtomicReference<Exception> ex = new AtomicReference<>();
    URI id = getRandomUri();
    canonicalMedia.setId(id);

    client.get(id.toString())
        .subscribe(
            m ->
                fail("Should not be successful"),
            e ->
                ex.set(new TestException()));

    for(int i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
    {
        if(ex.get() != null)
            throw ex.get();
        else
            Thread.sleep(1000);
    }
    Assert.fail("Cannot find the exception to throw.");
}

请看看Thread。UncaughtExceptionHandler

更好的(替代)方法是使用Callable和Future来获得相同的结果…

这是因为异常是线程本地的，主线程实际上看不到run方法。我建议您阅读更多关于线程如何工作的内容，但快速总结一下:调用start将启动一个与主线程完全无关的不同线程。对join的调用只是等待它完成。在线程中抛出且从未被捕获的异常将终止它，这就是为什么join在主线程上返回，但异常本身丢失的原因。

如果你想知道这些未捕获的异常，你可以试试这个:

Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler() {
    @Override
    public void uncaughtException(Thread t, Throwable e) {
        System.out.println("Caught " + e);
    }
});

关于未捕获异常处理的更多信息可以在这里找到。

你不能这样做，因为这真的没有意义。如果您没有调用t.join()，那么当t线程抛出异常时，主线程可能位于代码中的任何位置。

同样在Java 8中，你可以把Dan Cruz的答案写成:

Thread t = new Thread(()->{
            System.out.println("Sleeping ...");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                System.out.println("Interrupted.");
            }
            System.out.println("Throwing exception ...");
            throw new RuntimeException(); });


t.setUncaughtExceptionHandler((th, ex)-> log(String.format("Exception in thread %d id: %s", th.getId(), ex)));
t.start();

对于那些需要停止所有线程运行，并在其中任何一个线程在异常上停止时重新运行所有线程的人:

@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent event) {

     // could be any function
     getStockHistory();

}


public void getStockHistory() {

     // fill a list of symbol to be scrapped
     List<String> symbolListNYSE = stockEntityRepository
     .findByExchangeShortNameOnlySymbol(ContextRefreshExecutor.NYSE);


    storeSymbolList(symbolListNYSE, ContextRefreshExecutor.NYSE);

}


private void storeSymbolList(List<String> symbolList, String exchange) {

    int total = symbolList.size();

    // I create a list of Thread 
    List<Thread> listThread = new ArrayList<Thread>();

    // For each 1000 element of my scrapping ticker list I create a new Thread
    for (int i = 0; i <= total; i += 1000) {
        int l = i;

        Thread t1 = new Thread() {

            public void run() {

                // just a service that store in DB my ticker list
                storingService.getAndStoreStockPrice(symbolList, l, 1000, 
                MULTIPLE_STOCK_FILL, exchange);

            }

        };

    Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler h = new Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler() {
            public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable exception) {

                // stop thread if still running
                thread.interrupt();

                // go over every thread running and stop every one of them
                listThread.stream().forEach(tread -> tread.interrupt());

                // relaunch all the Thread via the main function
                getStockHistory();
            }
        };

        t1.start();
        t1.setUncaughtExceptionHandler(h);

        listThread.add(t1);

    }

}

总结如下:

你有一个主函数来创建多个线程，每个线程都有UncaughtExceptionHandler，由线程内的任何异常触发。将每个线程添加到一个列表中。如果一个UncaughtExceptionHandler被触发，它将循环遍历列表，停止每个线程并重新启动主函数重新创建所有线程。